Mindfulness-Based Movement Intervention to Improve Sleep Quality: A Meta-Analysis and Moderator Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Abstract

(1) Background: Given that the most effective dose, optimal type, and most beneficial population for improving sleep with mindfulness-based movement (MBM) remains unknown, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with moderator analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess these effects. (2) Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO) were systematically searched for RCTs published through August 2021 for analysis. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed with Review Manager 5.3, and the meta-analysis was performed in Stata 16.0. (3) Results: A meta-analysis of 61 RCTs with 2697 participants showed that MBM significantly improved sleep quality compared to controls (SMD = −0.794; 95% CI: −0.794 to −0.994, p < 0.001, I2 = 90.7%). Moderator analysis showed that a long-term MBM (SMD = −0.829; 95% CI: 0.945 to 0.712; p < 0.001) had a larger effect size on sleep than a short-term MBM (SMD = −0.714; 95% CI: 0.784 to 0.644; p < 0.001). Practicing at least twice per week (SMD = −0.793; 95% CI: −0.868 to −0.718; p < 0.001) was more effective compared to practicing once per week (SMD = −0.687; 95% CI: −0.804 to −0.570; p < 0.001). Studies with a total intervention time of more than 24 h also revealed better sleep quality improvement (SMD = −0.759; 95% CI: −0.865 to −0.653; p < 0.001). In addition, the healthy population and older adults gained more from MBM than the patients and younger adults. (4) Conclusions: MBM can effectively improve subjective sleep quality, and the optimal intervention dose of MBM can be utilized in future intervention studies to treat or improve sleep disturbance. (MBM more than twice a week for more than three months, with a total intervention time of more than 24 h).

The Effect of Combination Of Progressive Muscle Relaxation And Nature Sound Music Therapy On Sleep Quality Of Menopaused Women

“…Based on the results of the analysis test using the Mann Whitney found that the p-value of 0.000 on the value of sleep quality (Post) intervention between the treatment group and the control group, which means there is a difference in the value of sleep quality between the experimental group and the control group in postmenopausal women. So in this study, the results of hypothesis testing stated that the combination therapy of progressive muscle relaxation and music (Nature Sound) could reduce the value of sleep quality in postmenopausal women (Koçak & Varişoğlu, 2022;Yang et al, 2022).…”

Effectiveness of non‐pharmacological interventions in improving sleep quality after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Integrative techniques that combine mindfulness and exercise, such as yoga, taichi and qigong also improved sleep quality (Yang et al, 2022).…”

“…Mindfulness meditation is another promising psychological intervention to increase sleep quality (Gong et al., 2016). Integrative techniques that combine mindfulness and exercise, such as yoga, taichi and qigong also improved sleep quality (Yang et al., 2022). Aerobic physical activity has proved beneficial to self‐reported sleep quality (Reid et al., 2010) and exercise can diminish daytime sleepiness and increase endorphin secretion that facilitate sleep (Yang et al., 2012).…”