For all onboard systems applications, it is important to have very low-loss characteristics and low power consumption coupled with size reduction. The controls and instrumentation in defence and aerospace continually calls for newer technologies and developments. One such technology showing remarkable potential over the years is radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS) which have already made their presence felt prominently by offering replacement in radar and communication systems with high quality factors and precise tunability. The RF MEMS components have emerged as potential candidates for defence and aerospace applications. The core theme of this paper is to drive home the fact that the limitations faced by the current RF devices can be overcome by the flexibility and better device performance characteristics of RF MEMS components, which ultimately propagate the device level benefits to the final system to attain the unprecedented levels of performance.Keywords: RF MEMS, microsystems, MEMS in defence, MEMS in aerospace, instrumentation, RF systems, micromechanical components
568Celebrating Sixty Years of Publication
SASTRY: RADIO FREQUENCY MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS IN DEFENCE AND AEROSPACE 569Celebrating Sixty Years of Publication conventional components fall apart 6 . This provides the ability to fine tune the circuits to the best optimum level and achieve the highest performance. Re-configurability is another desirable feature used to reconfigure the same antennas for various frequencies without shifting from one antenna to another. This helps in faster scanning and better directivity of the antennas. The switches, which are characterized by very low loss, low actuation voltages and better reliability are widely used for reconfiguring the antennas, routing networks, tunable filters, etc. The RF MEMS devices have extremely high linearity, which means that these create less harmonics and this feature makes them excellent candidates for broad band communication system applications, especially needing high dynamic range of operation.
Tunable CapacitorsThe standard semiconductor IC technology can provide a fixed capacitance with a sandwiched dielectric layer between two conductive electrodes In this case, the parasitic capacitance and the series resistance will result in losses and reduction