Milk selenium content and speciation in response to supranutritional selenium yeast supplementation in cows

Abstract

The effects of selenium (Se) yeast supplementation on performance, blood biochemical and antioxidant parameters, and milk Se content and speciation were evaluated. Thirty-six mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control (basal diet containing Se at 0.11 mg/kg DM), 2) basal diet + 0.5 mg supplemental Se/kg DM (SY-0.5), and 3) basal diet + 5 mg supplemental Se/kg DM (SY-5). Selenium was supplemented as Se yeast. The trial consisted of a 1-week pretrial period and an 8-week experimental period. Milk somatic cell score decreased with SY-5 supplementation ( P < 0.05), but other performance parameters were not affected ( P > 0.05). The serum Se concentration increased with the increasing levels of Se yeast supplementation ( P < 0.05), however, blood biochemical parameters showed few treatment effects. The antioxidant capacity of dairy cows was improved with Se yeast supplementation reflected in increased serum glutathione peroxidase activity ( P < 0.05) and total antioxidant capacity ( P = 0.08), and decreased malondialdehyde concentration ( P < 0.05). Milk total Se concentration increased with Se dose ( P < 0.05). Also, the selenomethionine concentration increased with Se dose from 13.0 ± 0.7 μg/kg in control to 33.1 ± 2.1 μg/kg in SY-0.5 and 530.4 ± 17.5 μg/kg in SY-5 cows ( P < 0.05). Similarly, selenocystine concentration increased from 15.6 ± 0.9 μg/kg in control and 18.9 ± 1.1 μg/kg in SY-0.5 to 22.2 ± 1.5 μg/kg in SY-5 cows ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, Se yeast is a good organic Se source to produce Se-enriched cow milk with increased Se species including selenomethionine and selenocystine. The results can provide useful information on milk Se species when a high dose Se yeast was supplemented in the cow diet.

Effects of dietary supplementation with selenium yeast and jujube powder on mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis of chicken

“…In addition, this study found that the GSH-Px activity of chicken breast in the yeast-selenium-supplemented diet groups were significantly higher than that in the control group during postmortem aging, and there was a dose-effect. These results are supported by the previous study that showed selenium yeast significantly improved the antioxidant capacity of dairy cows, as shown in the significant increase in serum GSH-Px activity and total antioxidant capacity, which is similar to the results of this study ( Sun et al, 2021 ). This is because selenium is the active component of GSH-Px, and selenium yeast feeding enhances the activity of GSH-Px by enhancing the enrichment of selenium in chicken after slaughter ( Rotruck et al, 1973 ).…”

Increasing selenium concentration in Finnish organic milk using participatory action approach

“…According to Wichtel et al (2004) a milk Se concentration of less than 9.6 μg l -1 represent observable Se deficiency for cows, and a milk Se concentration of greater than 21.8 μg l -1 represent adequacy, but also clearly higher concentrations have been suggested to improve human Se supply. Milk Se concentrations up to 300 µg l -1 (Walker et al 2010) and even close to 600 µg l -1 (Sun et al 2021) have been reported with supranutritional experimental Se dosages. How high should Se concentration in organic milk be: above minimum requirements for calves, like in conventional farming, or able to provide Se enriched milk for consumers in future?…”

“…It is absorbed in the small intestine via methionine pathway while SS is absorbed mainly by passive diffusion, and it must undergo a metabolic transformation before it can be assimilated (Weiss 2005, Arshad et al 2021. Furthermore, SY has been reported to result in higher SeMet concentration in milk compared with SS (Juniper et al 2006) and with increasing SY dosages to higher proportion of SeMet in total milk Se (Sun et al 2021). Recently, other novel SeMet containing feed additives have been introduced for conventional dairy farming and the potential of nano-Se has been discussed (Arshad et al 2021).…”

The Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Enriched with Selenium and Zinc on Some Physiological Traits and Milk Production of Female Shami Goats

“…Many studies have proven the vital role of Selenium and zinc in stimulating the secretion of the hormone prolactin and increasing milk production in quantity and quality in dairy farm animals (Enjalbert et al, 2006). Although there are few studies (Trinta et al, 2020) available on the effect of baking yeast treated with zinc and Selenium and comparing its effect on milk production with the use of yeast alone or of Selenium and zinc separately and independently, there are signs and hints in some studies, although they do not include female goats, that there is such a synergistic effect (Sun et al, 2021).…”