Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to early diagnose elevated concentrations of blood plasma nonesterified fatty acids in dairy cows

Jorjong, S.; Knegsel, A.T.M. van; Verwaeren, Jan; Lahoz, M; Bruckmaier, Rupert M.; Baets, Bernard De; Kemp, B.; Fievez, Veerle

doi:10.3168/jds.2014-8039

Cited by 56 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The current study involved samples and data from the second lactation. The experimental design for the second lactation was similar to the first lactation van Knegsel et al, 2014) with some exceptions as specified below.…”

Section: Experimental Setup Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diets were formulated to be isocaloric (net energy basis; VEM system; Van Es, 1975) and equal in intestinal digestible protein and degraded protein balance (Tamminga et al, 1994). Details of the chemical composition of the diets were presented by and van Knegsel et al (2014). Treatments were planned to be imposed on cows for 2 successive lactations.…”

Section: Experimental Setup Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental setup and diet composition were presented earlier (van Knegsel et al, 2014). In short, Holstein-Friesian dairy cows (n = 108) were selected from the Dairy Campus Research dairy herd (WUR Livestock Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands) for 3 × 2 experiment on the effect of dry period length (0, 30, and 60 d) and transition diet (glucogenic or lipogenic) on energy balance and metabolic health (assessed by plasma BHBA).…”

Section: Experimental Setup Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation

Jorjong

Knegsel

Verwaeren

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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The aim of this study was to assess the potential of milk fatty acids as diagnostic tool for hyperketonemia of 93 dairy cows in a 3×2 factorial arrangement. Cows were fed a glucogenic or lipogenic diet and originally were intended to be subjected to a 0-, 30-, or 60-d dry period. Nevertheless, some of the cows, which were intended for inclusion in the 0-d dry period group, dried off spontaneously. Milk was collected in wk 2, 3, 4, and 8 of lactation for milk fat analysis. Blood was sampled from wk 2 to 8 after parturition for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) analysis. Cases were classified into 2 groups: hyperketonemia (BHBA ≥1.2mmol/L) and nonhyperketonemia (BHBA <1.2mmol/L). Concentrations of 45 milk fatty acids and ratios of anteiso C15:0-to-anteiso C17:0 and C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 were subjected to a logistic regression analysis (stepwise forward method). The milk fat C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 ratio revealed the most discriminating factor for diagnosis of hyperketonemia. Ninety percent of nonhyperketonemia cases showed a milk fat C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 ratio of 40 or lower, whereas 70% of cows suffering from hyperketonemia showed milk fat C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 ratios exceeding 40. Additionally, cows with a milk fat ratio C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 of at least 45 in wk 2 after parturition had about 50% chance to encounter blood plasma BHBA values of 1.2mmol/L or more during the first 8 wk of lactation. Of the cows not suffering from hyperketonemia during the first 2 mo of lactation, only 9% exceeded this wk 2 threshold. Practical implementation requires routine analysis of both milk fatty acids, which currently is lacking for C15:0. The inclusion of other variables, such as test-day information and a more frequent sampling protocol should be considered to further improve diagnostic performance of this biomarker.

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Section: Experimental Setup Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Setup Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Setup Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation

Jorjong

Knegsel

Verwaeren

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Serum NEFA greater than 0.4 (close‐up dry) and 0.6 (fresh) meq L −1 are associated with four‐ and fivefold increases in disease risk respectively . Jorjong et al . reported that concentration of C18:1 cis ‐9 (in the fat fraction of cow's milk) in the second week of lactation could be an early warning of cows at risk of detrimental blood NEFA.…”

Section: Nonesterified Fatty Acid β‐Hydroxybutyric Acid and Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Serum NEFA greater than 0.4 (close-up dry) and 0.6 (fresh) meq L −1 are associated with fourand fivefold increases in disease risk respectively. 27 Jorjong et al 28 reported that concentration of C18:1 cis-9 (in the fat fraction of cow's milk) in the second week of lactation could be an early warning of cows at risk of detrimental blood NEFA. Cows with at least 240 g kg −1 of C18:1 cis-9 had about 50% chance to encounter blood plasma NEFA values higher than 0.6 mmol L −1 during the first 8 weeks of lactation.…”

Section: Nonesterified Fatty Acid -Hydroxybutyric Acid and Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic profiles of cow's blood; a review

2016

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The term 'metabolic profile' refers to the analysis of blood biochemical parameters that are useful to assess and prevent metabolic and nutritional disorders in dairy herds. In the higher standards of milk production, the priority in modern breeding is keeping dairy cows in high lactation and healthy. The proper analysis, as well as control. of their feeding and metabolic status is immensely important for the health condition of the herd. The disproportion between the genetically determined ability for milk production and the limitations in improving the energy value of the ration may be the cause of metabolic disorders. Negative energy balance has a major impact on the body's hormonal balance and organ functions and mostly appears during transition periods: from 3 to 2 weeks prepartum until 2-3 weeks postpartum. The term 'transition' is used to underscore the important physiological, metabolic and nutritional changes occurring in this time. The manner in which these changes occur and how they are diagnosed and detected are extremely important, as they are closely related to clinical and subclinical postpartum diseases, lactation and reproductive performance - factors that significantly shape the profitability of production. Therefore the priority for intensive milk production is prevention of metabolic diseases and other disorders. It is the intent of this review to synthesize and summarize the information currently available on metabolic status and physiological changes in the cow's body that occur during lactation, as well as to discuss the interpretation of the results, which will be a useful diagnostic tool in nutritional evaluations of the dairy herd. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Different microalgae species as a substitutive protein feed for soya bean meal in grass silage based dairy cow diets

Lamminen

Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau

Kokkonen

et al. 2019

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to early diagnose elevated concentrations of blood plasma nonesterified fatty acids in dairy cows

Cited by 56 publications

References 29 publications

Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation

Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation

Metabolic profiles of cow's blood; a review

Different microalgae species as a substitutive protein feed for soya bean meal in grass silage based dairy cow diets

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