Metabolic profiles of cow's blood; a review

Puppel, Kamila; Kuczyńska, Beata

doi:10.1002/jsfa.7779

Cited by 117 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The supplements used in our experiments contributed to an increase in the concentration of total cholesterol in the blood plasma of the experimental cows. This situation should be regarded as favorable, since in ruminants, unlike in humans, a reduced concentration of cholesterol may be a problem (43,46). We found that, regardless of the type of supplement used, there was a positive relationship between the duration of application and the content of total cholesterol in blood plasma.…”

Section: Tab 4 Daily Yield Per 100 Days Of Lactationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Energy efficiency of diet for periparturient dairy cows supplemented with free fatty acids or glucogenic additives

Klebaniuk¹,

Kochman²,

Kowalczuk-Vasilev³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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High-producing dairy cows require an appropriate management system, good care, and a tailored nutritional program that provides well-balanced feed rations. High yielders, especially during the periparturient period, normally show a reduced feed intake with a concomitant increased demand for nutrients for milk synthesis. Thus, the incidence of metabolic disorders may greatly increase, and consequently, a decrease in milk production is noted. Deterioration in milk composition is also observed (4). Although a range of energy additives to ruminant diets has been extensively investigated (7,48), an ongoing research focused on the negative energy balance of periparturient dairy cows is required (29,50). In this regard, much attention is given, among others, to the use of energy feed additives in dairy cow diets and to their impact on animal metabolism and performance, as well as on milk composition. Each of gluconeogenic precursors, such as glycerol (51), propylene glycol (28), sodium or calcium salts of propionate (30), has a different route for conversion to glucose. Depending on their type and administration period, energy supplements may contribute to reducing metabolic disturbances during the transition period. Propylene glycol may affect glucogenic action in different ways. A portion of this substance is metabolized in the rumen to lactic acid Klebaniuk R., Kochman G., Kowalczuk-Vasilev E., Grela E. R., Bąkowski M., Olcha M., Dunster F.Energy efficiency of diet for periparturient dairy cows supplemented with free fatty acids or glucogenic additives Summary The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of two energy preparations used at fixed doses, but for different lengths of time: 1) a loose mixture of propylene glycol and sodium propionate, and 2) a granular formulation of free fatty acids produced from palm oil and palm nut, non-degradable in the rumen.A three-factorial experiment was carried out on 5 groups of Polish Black and White Holstein-Friesian cows (10 animals each) which were within the transition period. The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of two energy preparations administered at a constant dose, but over different time periods, on the animals' performance, as well as on their milk yield and composition. The following treatment groups were formed: control group C, which received a standard diet; experimental groups G1 and G2, which received a dietary additive of a glucogenic preparation; and experimental groups F1 and F2, which received a free fatty acid preparation. The diet of the transition cows was supplemented with the full dose of the additives (500 g/ head/day) for 2 weeks before the expected calving and 3 or 6 weeks of lactation.The present research confirmed the benefits of dietary inclusion of energy supplements for transition cows. Supplementation with both glucogenic and free fatty acid preparations reduced the negative energy balance in the cow's organism and improved milk production and composition. The milk yield, higher by ca. 10% for the cows fed diets with...

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Section: Tab 4 Daily Yield Per 100 Days Of Lactationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Energy efficiency of diet for periparturient dairy cows supplemented with free fatty acids or glucogenic additives

Klebaniuk¹,

Kochman²,

Kowalczuk-Vasilev³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…Accordingly, an increase in blood insulin levels causes a decrease in blood NEFA levels (Brockman, ; Hayirli, ). However, under conditions of energy deficiency, serum NEFA levels increase due to increased induction of adipose tissue mobilization (Grummer, , ; Puppel & Kuczynska, ), and severe energy deficiency can result in disordered lipid metabolism in the liver and increase blood BHB concentrations (Grummer, , ; Puppel & Kuczynska, ). De Koster et al () showed that blood NEFA concentrations reflect energy status rather than IR, although an association did exist between blood NEFA concentrations and IR in over‐conditioned cows; they concluded that RQ, RQ BHB , and HR are not associated with insulin sensitivity as determined by the HEC test in dairy cows at the end of the dry period (De Koster et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low blood albumin concentrations reflect the progression of fatty liver, and high concentrations indicate hemoconcentration due to dehydration (Kida, ; Puppel & Kuczynska, ). Additionally, leptin is secreted under conditions of adiposity, and low plasma leptin levels are indicative of energy deficiency or fasting (Ahima & Flier, ; Block et al, ; Friedman & Halaas, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, an increase in blood insulin levels causes a decrease in blood NEFA levels (Brockman, 1978;Hayirli, 2006). However, under conditions of energy deficiency, serum NEFA levels increase due to increased induction of adipose tissue mobilization (Grummer, 1993(Grummer, , 1995Puppel & Kuczynska, 2016), concentrations (Grummer, 1993(Grummer, , 1995Puppel & Kuczynska, 2016).…”

Section: Ir Indices Blood Hormone and Metabolite Concentrations Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insulin resistance: Relationship between indices during late gestation in dairy cows and effects on newborn metabolism

Hasegawa

Iwase

Takagi

et al. 2019

Animal Science Journal

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To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance indices [“Revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index” (RQUICKI; RQ), “Revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index ‐ β‐hydroxybutyrate” (RQUICKIBHB; RQBHB), and “Homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance” (HOMA‐IR; HR)], and metabolic parameters in dams during late gestation, and their newborn calves. Blood was sampled twice weekly during the experimental period in 30 dry Holstein cows. In calves, blood sampling and body weight measurements were performed immediately after birth, and in 1‐week‐old male calves, liver and muscle biopsy samples were obtained for determining metabolic factor mRNA levels. RQ and RQBHB were negatively correlated with insulin, nonesterified fatty acid, BHB, and albumin and were positively correlated with leptin levels in blood during late gestation (p < .05). RQ, rather than RQBHB, reflected metabolism of dams, while stronger positive correlations were present between HR and blood insulin concentrations than other parameters, and calves of dams with high HR had low body weight, and high liver and muscle expression of growth hormone and insulin receptor mRNA (p < .05). RQ and HR of dams during late gestation could serve as indicators of dam metabolism and predictors of metabolism in newborn calves respectively.

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“…While the differences in metabolite levels between heifers and cows could be related to fertility differences, it is also possible that they are due to age. Plasma metabolomic profiling has also proven effective at identifying potential biomarkers for metabolic disorders such as ketosis, in dairy cattle 18–20 . Furthermore, metabolomic approaches have been extensively used within the biomedical field to develop biomarkers aimed at diagnosing difficult to diagnose pathologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma metabolomic profiles differ at the time of artificial insemination based on pregnancy outcome, in Bos taurus beef heifers

Phillips

Read

Kriese-Anderson

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Infertility remains the most prevalent reason for cattle being removed from production environments. We utilized metabolomic profiling to identify metabolites in the blood plasma that may be useful in identifying infertile heifers at the time of artificial insemination (AI). Prior to AI, phenotypic parameters including body condition, weight, and reproductive organ measurements were collected. These were determined not effective at differentiating between fertile and infertile heifers. Analysis of the resulting metabolomic profiles revealed 15 metabolites at significantly different levels (T-test P ≤ 0.05), with seven metabolites having a greater than 2-fold difference (T-test P ≤ 0.05, fold change ≥2, ROC-AUC ≥ 0.80) between infertile and fertile heifers. We further characterized the utility of using the levels of these metabolites in the blood plasma to discriminate between fertile and infertile heifers. Finally, we investigated the potential role inflammation may play by comparing the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the white blood cells of infertile heifers to that of fertile heifers. We found significantly higher expression in infertile heifers of the proinflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL6), and the C-X-C motif chemokine 5 (CXCL5). Our work offers potentially valuable information regarding the diagnosis of fertility problems in heifers undergoing AI.

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Metabolic profiles of cow's blood; a review

Cited by 117 publications

References 82 publications

Energy efficiency of diet for periparturient dairy cows supplemented with free fatty acids or glucogenic additives

Energy efficiency of diet for periparturient dairy cows supplemented with free fatty acids or glucogenic additives

Insulin resistance: Relationship between indices during late gestation in dairy cows and effects on newborn metabolism

Plasma metabolomic profiles differ at the time of artificial insemination based on pregnancy outcome, in Bos taurus beef heifers

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