Milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows fed diets based on sugarcane bagasse in the Brazilian region

Abstract

Little is known about milk fatty acid (FA) profile of cows fed diets based on sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) bagasse. This study aimed to evaluate FA profile and nutritional quality indexes of milk fat of cows fed sugarcane bagasse and concentrate in the Brazilian northeast semiarid region. Multiparous Girolando cows were allocated in four diets based on different levels of sugarcane bagasse (30%, 38%, 46%, and 54% total DM) added to concentrate. Fatty acids C18:1 trans-11 (lowest value for 46% inclusion) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) cis-9, trans-11 (lowest value for 46% inclusion) in milk fat presented a quadratic pattern (P < 0.05). This trend was also observed for C18:1 cis-9 (P < 0.05), but at a lower magnitude. There was a reduction in concentration of C18:1 trans-10 (0.320 to 0.148 g 100 g-1 total FA) and CLA trans-10, cis-12 (0.008 to 0.004 g 100 g-1 total FA) according to the levels of sugarcane bagasse increase. The greater inclusion of bagasse and consequent reduction in the proportion of concentrate, notably corn, cause an increase in concentration of medium-chain saturated FA and a linear reduction of C18:3 n-3 and C18:2 n-6, with a consequent increase in the indexes of atherogenicity (2.82 to 3.2) and thrombogenicity (3.39 to 3.84) and a decrease in ratio of hypo/ hyper-cholesterolemic (0.44 to 0.37) and ω-6:ω-3 (12.44 to 8.80) in milk fat. Results indicate that different levels of sugarcane bagasse change the FA content in cows' milk when bagasse is an exclusive roughage source in the diet. The greater inclusion of sugarcane bagasse reduces the quality of milk fat of dairy cows. The lowest level of sugarcane bagasse inclusion tested (30%) promotes greater milk yield and healthier milk fat.

Partially replacing sorghum silage with cactus (Opuntia stricta) cladodes in a soybean oil‐supplemented diet markedly increases trans‐11 18:1, cis‐9, trans‐11 CLA and 18:2 n‐6 contents in cow milk

“…If this hypothesis holds true, low contents of 18:0 should also be expected in milk of cows fed sugarcane as the sole forage because the fat content of sugarcane is similar or even lower than that of cladodes. However, contents of 18:0 in milk fat of cows fed sugarcane‐based diets were only slightly lower than levels typically reported for conventional dairy cow diets (Freitas et al., 2019; Souza et al., 2019), suggesting that other mechanisms may account for the reduced 18:0 contents observed in milk fat of cows consuming cactus cladodes. A possible mechanism could be a faster passage rate of rumen digesta, which is expected to reduce time of exposure of feed particles to rumen bacteria, leading to less complete BH of dietary PUFA (Qiu et al.…”

Alternative and Unconventional Feeds in Dairy Diets and Their Effect on Fatty Acid Profile and Health Properties of Milk Fat

“…This observation could be associated with a low lipid content in cladodes (10–15 g/kg DM), which in turn would lead to low rumen production of 18:0 due to a reduced dietary intake of PUFAs for rumen biohydrogenation [ 160 ]. However, the 18:0 content of the milk fat of cows fed with a sugar cane diet was only slightly lower than the levels normally reported for a conventional dairy diet [ 161 , 162 ]. This fact suggests that other mechanisms may account for the reduced 18:0 content observed in the milk fat of cows consuming cacti.…”

Investigation of the feed resource for buffalo

“…The rearing of ruminants on free pasture grass condition on a diet rich in plant extracts improves the quality of milk and meat and is perfectly responsible for the concept of functional food in the human diet (Renna et al, 2012a;Renna, Lussiana, Cornale, Fortina, & Mimosi, 2012b;Castillo, Pereira, Abuelo, & Hernández, 2013;Orr, Griffith, Rivero, & Lee, 2019;Wagner et al, 2018). The fatty acid profile of grassland used for animal feeding in free-range grazing changes with advancement of vegetation and major fatty acid groups undergo significant changes, namely saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids decrease, while polyunsaturated fatty acids increase and this in turn affects the fatty acid content in milk from ruminants (Dervishi et al, 2012;El-Fattah et al, 2012;Pajor et al, 2014;Steinshamn, Inglingstad, Ekeberg, Mølmann, & Jørgensen, 2014;Soják et al, 2015;Vlaeminck et al, 2015;Smid, Weary, Costa, & Von Keyserlingk, 2017;Arnott, Ferris & O'Connell, 2017;Freitas et al, 2019).…”