Milk and fat production of crossbred Holstein-Gir cows (Bos taurus taurus-Bos taurus indicus) in the agreste region of the Brazilian state of Pernambuco

Barbosa, Severino Benone Paes; Ramalho, Ricardo Pimentel; Monardes, H.G.; Dias, F.M.; Santos, Djalma Cordeiro dos; Batista, Ângela Maria Vieira

doi:10.1590/s1415-47572008000300012

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…In this sense, Ribeiro et al [6], evaluating 182 days of lactation, found a daily linear increase of 0.0124% in the milk fat content of Charolais cows. Also agreeing with this study, other authors reported a decrease in lactose content until the end of lactation due to a positive correlation with milk production and osmotic balance [54][55][56] and Restle et al [18] found a maximum concentration (5.13%) at the peak of lactation.…”

Section: Milk Componentssupporting

confidence: 91%

Milk Production and Constituents of Beef Cows with Different Breed Compositions

Azambuja¹,

Rodrigues²,

Menezes³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There are two classes of factors that affect cow milk production and, as a consequence, the performance of calves: environmental and genetic factors. Considering the importance of milk production of beef cattle, it is essential to measure the milk production of such cows. However, such estimation presents some difficulties, especially when cows are raised exclusively in a grazing regime. This study aimed to evaluate the milk production and the nutritional composition of beef cows from eight different breed compositions (Angus: ANAN, Hereford: HHHH, Nellore: NENE, Hereford-Angus: HHAN, Angus-Hereford: ANHH, Nellore-Angus: NEAN, Angus-Nellore: ANNE, and Caracu-Angus: CRAN) raised under continuous natural pasture grazing, besides evaluating the calves' adjusted weight at 210 days until weaning.Results: NEAN cows were the most productive but did not differ from ANNE, ANHH, and CRAN, with estimated average yields of 6.2, 5.97, 5.93 and 5.86 kg/day, respectively, throughout the lactation period. NENE cows presented the lowest yields, with a daily average of 4.61 kg, although this value did not differ significantly from those of HHHH, ANAN and HHAN cows, which had means of 4.67, 4.79 and 4.84 kg/day, respectively. Calves of CRAN, NEAN, and ANNE cows were heavier than calves of ANAN, HHAN, HHHH, and NENE cows at weaning, not differing from ANHH cows, which in turn also had heavier calves than HHHH cows. NEAN, ANNE, HHHH and NENE cows had higher concentrations of total solids in milk than ANAN and ANHH.Conclusions: In conclusion, as expected, the crossbreeding of genetically more distant breed increases the milk production of beef cows. Therefore, for cow-calf operations in a subtropical climate, crossbreeding between Angus and Nellore or Caracu can be used as a genetic tool to increase cow maternal ability, through greater milk production and nutrient content, and consequently yielding heavier calves at weaning.

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“…The means estimated for milk production up to 305 days ranged between the minimum of 561.32 ± 685.91SD kg and the maximum of 2,875.32 ± 950.46SD kg, revealing the existence of management differences and genetic potential within the group of herds analyzed. The results of the analysis of variance of milk production (Table 1) indicate that the effects of herd, month of birth, and control period were significant (P<0.01), which was also detected by other authors (BARBOSA et al, 2008;HERRERA et al, 2008) who studied Zebu cattle, demonstrating that the fixed effects directly interfered on milk production. It was verified through the descriptive analysis that the cows presented lower production in the rainy-dry transition periods and in the dry season, respectively, which is probably due to the quantity and quality of the pastures and supplementation available at this time which contributes to the decrease in milk production.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Genetic Parameters of Girolando Crossbred Cows in Dairy Herds in the State of Acre, Brazil

Braga

Carneiro

Pinheiro

et al. 2020

ArqVet

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This study aimed at estimating genetic parameters for milk production and conformation characteristics in Girolando crossbred dairy cows reared in the High and Low Acre region using the restricted maximum likelihood methodology, under an animal model. We estimated the variance components and genetic parameters using the REML/BLUP procedure (Restricted Maximum Likelihood Methodology/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction). The estimated average for milk production for 305 days of lactation (P305) was of 1523.25 ± 481.11 kg, with a heritability of 0.38 for this characteristic. The conformation characteristics showed no significant correlation with milk production. The phenotypical correlations between the linear characteristics of type were, in general, positive and moderate. The P305 obtained in this study can be considered low and indicates that there is a possibility of increasing milk production through selection in herds along with the use of tested and proven bulls. The heritability estimate found (0.38) indicates that there is genetic variability for milk production, demonstrating that selection for this characteristic would result in genetic progress.

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“…An increase in the milk's fat content is related to the decrease in the milk's ability to conduct electrical current as fat is a poor conductor and the increase in the lipid fraction of milk results in an inhibiting ECM effect; not only by reducing the total conductive medium but, also by the physical obstacle that the fat globules offer to the migration of ions. It is also important to note that within the breed parameter, the zebu cows have a higher fat content in milk compared to Holstein cows and their crosses (MABROOK;PETTY 2003;ZAFALON et al, 2005;BARBOSA et al, 2008;KAŞIKÇI et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical conductivity and somatic cell count in zebu cow’s milk

Moura

Rangel

Borba

et al. 2017

SCA

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The objective was to evaluate the physico-chemical composition, somatic cell count and electrical conductivity of the milk from lactating Zebu cows. For this, monthly milk samples were collected on the official milk control day intended for analysis of electrical conductivity of milk (ECM), somatic cell count (SCC) and milk composition. We used monthly data from 680 controls, from 10 Gyr and 17 Guzerat cows from a herd located in the city of São Gonçalo do Amarante/RN, from August to November 2013. Analyses of variance, mean test and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. The levels of fat (% F), protein (% P), lactose (% L), total solids (% TS) and non-fat dry extract (% NFDE) were dependent variables for the ECM and SCC. The milk of Gyr cows for ECM, SCC, GOR, PROT, LACT, TS and NFDE were respectively, 3.88±1.18 mS/cm, 1629±2195 thousands cells/mL, 4.71±1.77%, 3.29±0.31%, 4.5±0.33%, 13.5±1.78%, 8.79±0.37%, and for the Guzerat breed 3.59±0.88 mS/cm 1356±1793 thousands cells/mL, 4.47±0.98%, 3.43±0.32%, 4.52±0.24%, 13.5±1.19%, 9.02±0.48%. No significant correlations between SCC and ECM characteristics were observed. However, when the correlation of each of these parameters and milk composition in different classes for each breed was analyzed, a significant correlation of the SCC was observed with the protein and lactose in Gyr, of the ECM with the lactose and SCC with total solids and fat for the Guzerat cows.

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“…Moreover, animals with low milk production usually present higher protein and fat concentration in their milk compared with more productive animals, as these milk components concentrate within a smaller milk volume in their mammary gland. It is also reasonable to consider the role of breed in fat and protein concentrations in milk, as Zebu crossbred cows produce milk with higher fat and protein contents than Holstein cows (Bovenhuis et al, 1992;Barbosa et al, 2008;Brasil et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of quali-quantitative feeding practices criteria in typology of smallholders’ dairy production systems

Dias¹,

Fischer²

2021

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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Animal production systems and agribusinessFull-length research article Use of quali-quantitative feeding practices criteria in typology of smallholders' dairy production systems ABSTRACT -This study aimed to typify smallholders' dairy systems using qualiquantitative measures of feeding practices and detect the main discriminatory elements identifying the systems. We collected data from 30 farms distributed in 10 municipalities in the eastern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using a survey with semi-structured questions, in addition to bimonthly observations of milking and feeding practices. Multivariate analysis based on principal factors and cluster analysis were performed. Multiple linear regressions were made between the principal factors scores and variables of milk production and composition. Three principal factors with eigenvalues ≥1.0 explained 58.9% of the total variance. The original variables with the highest factor loading values were production scale and feeding practices involving greater quantities of byproducts; use of corn silage and sugarcane; and commercial and farm-made concentrate for principal factor 1, principal factor 2, and principal factor 3, respectively. Milk yield and concentrations of lactose and solids non-fat increased linearly with principal factor 1 and principal factor 3 but decreased linearly with principal factor 2. Observations were grouped into three clusters. Farm area and quantity of corn silage and byproducts were the most important variables to set the clusters. The use of quali-quantitative feeding practices criteria to characterize dairy systems is effective to identify the opportunities for improving milk production and composition. Whereas high inclusion of sugarcane as roughage was detrimental for milk production, moderate supply of concentrate and byproducts enhanced milk yield without compromising milk composition.

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“…As a result, most of the dairy cattle population in Brazil is now represented by crossbreds (mainly 5/8 Holstein × Gyr). By this approach, it was established that such crossbreds possessed both productive as well as adaptive characteristics as compared to the contemporary Holstein cattle of temperate regions ( 122 ).…”

Section: Biomarkers For Identifying Thermo-tolerant Dairy Cowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-Resilient Dairy Cattle Production: Applications of Genomic Tools and Statistical Models

et al. 2021

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The current changing climate trend poses a threat to the productive efficacy and welfare of livestock across the globe. This review is an attempt to synthesize information pertaining to the applications of various genomic tools and statistical models that are available to identify climate-resilient dairy cows. The different functional and economical traits which govern milk production play a significant role in determining the cost of milk production. Thus, identification of these traits may revolutionize the breeding programs to develop climate-resilient dairy cattle. Moreover, the genotype–environment interaction also influences the performance of dairy cattle especially during a challenging situation. The recent advancement in molecular biology has led to the development of a few biotechnological tools and statistical models like next-generation sequencing (NGS), microarray technology, whole transcriptome analysis, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) which can be used to quantify the molecular mechanisms which govern the climate resilience capacity of dairy cows. Among these, the most preferred option for researchers around the globe was GWAS as this approach jointly takes into account all the genotype, phenotype, and pedigree information of farm animals. Furthermore, selection signatures can also help to demarcate functionally important regions in the genome which can be used to detect potential loci and candidate genes that have undergone positive selection in complex milk production traits of dairy cattle. These identified biomarkers can be incorporated in the existing breeding policies using genomic selection to develop climate-resilient dairy cattle.

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Milk and fat production of crossbred Holstein-Gir cows (Bos taurus taurus-Bos taurus indicus) in the agreste region of the Brazilian state of Pernambuco

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Milk Production and Constituents of Beef Cows with Different Breed Compositions

Genetic Parameters of Girolando Crossbred Cows in Dairy Herds in the State of Acre, Brazil

Electrical conductivity and somatic cell count in zebu cow’s milk

Use of quali-quantitative feeding practices criteria in typology of smallholders’ dairy production systems

Climate-Resilient Dairy Cattle Production: Applications of Genomic Tools and Statistical Models

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