Mild oxygen plasma treated PEDOT:PSS as anode buffer layer for vacuum deposited organic light-emitting diodes

Enhancing performance of inverted planar perovskite solar cells by argon plasma post-treatment on PEDOT:PSS

“…The above results indicated that the plasma treatment process could remove materials from the surface of PEDOT:PSS layer quite slightly, which was slower than the removal rate of approximately 5 nm min À1 presented in the literature. 11 The surface morphology of PEDOT:PSS lms was also examined by AFM as shown in Fig. 4, which conrmed the observation from SEM.…”

“…10 Recently, it was reported that PEDOT:PSS post-treated with oxygen plasma demonstrated improved conductivity, possibly resulting from a relatively increase of well-conducting PEDOT to less-conducting PSS ratio on the surface. 11 Meanwhile, they found that the thickness of PEDOT:PSS layers was reduced with an etching rate of 5 nm min À1 , conrming the removal of materials from the surface of PEDOT:PSS layer. Sometimes the effect of PEDOT:PSS lm thickness variations on the device performance has to be considered especially for the pristine layer which has a relatively thin thickness.…”

Dramatic efficiency improvement in phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with ultraviolet-ozone treated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)

“…8 The absence of further improvement beyond 8 min of UV-ozone exposure might be due to the saturation in change in the work function of the material as a function of time. 12 However, our observations suggest that the partial removal of the PEDOT:PSS material and thinning of the polymer anode with increased probability of pinhole defects are also contributing to this effect.…”

“…Of the many materials, poly ͑3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene͒:poly ͑styrenesulfonate͒ ͑PEDOT:PSS͒ is one of the most extensively used organic material in the realization of PHOLEDs. 8,9 The PEDOT:PSS has been widely used as a material of choice for the buffer or hole injection layer ͑HIL͒ between the indium tin oxide ͑ITO͒ anode and the hole transport layers ͑HTL͒. Current studies demonstrated that PEDOT:PSS has shown an increased device performance compared to other widely used hole injection materials including copper phthalocyanine and has even the potential to entirely replace ITO used as an anode in OLEDs.…”

Promotional effect of silver nanoparticle embedded Ga–Zr-codoped TiO2 as an alternative anode for efficient blue, green and red PHOLEDs

“…The surface-plasmon of noble-metal nanostructures enhanced the optoelectronic device efficiencies. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] The OLED efficiency have been increased by reducing the hole injection barrier through embedding noble-metal nano semiconductors. The interface have been stabilized via tuning HIL [38][39][40][41] by forming electrical double layer on anode that stabilized the vacuum level.…”