Mild glucose intolerance in pregnancy and risk of cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study

Gestational Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome

“…Moreover, even mild glucose intolerance in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of CVD. Compared with normoglycemic women who did not receive an OGTT, those who had an abnormal GCT followed by an OGTT that was not diagnostic of GDM still had an increased risk of CVD within 12 years of the index pregnancy (Retnakaran & Shah, 2009b). GDM likely increases the risk for developing cardiometabolic dysfunction after an affected pregnancy.…”

“…It remains to be determined, however, whether these current strategies can effectively reduce long-term risks of metabolic syndrome, T2DM and CVD in affected women (Nolan, 2011). Indeed, women who do not meet the prescribed thresholds for GDM may incur glucose-mediated fetal macrosomia (Mello et al, 1997;Rudge et al, 2000;Scholl et al, 2001;Sermer, et al, 1995), and may be at risk for T2DM and CVD (Retnakaran et al, 2008a(Retnakaran et al, , 2008b(Retnakaran et al, , 2009a(Retnakaran et al, , 2009b(Retnakaran et al, , 2009c(Retnakaran et al, , 2009d(Retnakaran et al, , 2009e, 2010cShah et al, 2008). The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study was undertaken to examine the risks associated with glucose values below traditional thresholds used to diagnose GDM.…”

Circulating endothelial progenitor cells in women with gestational alterations of glucose tolerance

“…With respect to this, it is of interest to note that women with gestational diabetes have endothelial dysfunction, 27 while defects in vascular function 28 and higher intima-media thickness 29 have been reported in women with previous gestational diabetes. Furthermore, a higher risk of cardiovascular disease has been reported both in women with previous gestational diabetes 30,31 as well in those with mild glucose intolerance during pregnancy. 31 Finally, gestational diabetes has been associated with vascular complications during pregnancy.…”

“…Furthermore, a higher risk of cardiovascular disease has been reported both in women with previous gestational diabetes 30,31 as well in those with mild glucose intolerance during pregnancy. 31 Finally, gestational diabetes has been associated with vascular complications during pregnancy. For instance, pre-eclampsia occurs more commonly in women with altered glucose metabolism, 32 and a significant reduction in maternal EPC number 33 and colony-forming units 17 have been reported in pre-eclampsia.…”

Towards a European Consensus on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Pragmatic Guide for Diagnosis, Management, and Care. The Polish Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group and FIGO

“…Without preventive care, almost half of women with gestational diabetes go on to develop type 2 diabetes and a significant proportion develops premature cardiovascular disease within 10 years of childbirth [8][9][10]. Children born to women with HIP are also at very high risk of obesity, early onset type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease whereby, www.…”