Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly

Engmann, Birk

doi:10.1024/1662-9647/a000036

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…10 This FsIQ versus KBNa-TI difference was significantly less than that expressed by the MCI group, however. The MCI group was impaired on measures of memory but impairments in other domains reported by other authors 1,3,8,17,18,20 were not shown on the other subtests of the KBNa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…a persistence of sMC after treatment for depression may lead to a presumption of MCI; therefore being able to accurately distinguish between these two disorders becomes crucial. a neuropsychological battery that best discriminates between these two disorders is needed 1,2 as early diagnosis of MCI as well as dementia is becoming increasingly important due to the availability of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments for both disorders. 3 The correct diagnosis of first episode or recurrent depression in older adults is equally important as cognitive impairments in this disorder may be reversible when effective treatments are administered, however these can only be accessed when a diagnosis is given.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Discrimination of the Cognitive Profiles of MCI and Depression using the KBNA

Monette

Leach²

2013

Can. J. Neurol. Sci.

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Depression and MCI often co-occur 2,5 and, for a subset of elderly individuals, late-life depression, MCI, and dementia might form a continuum. 6 Depression and MCI are also often mistaken for each other, as there is a significant amount of overlap in the cognitive complaints present in these two disorders.7 Zihl and colleagues 8 reported no significant differences in the neuropsychological profiles of individuals with depression and cognitive impairment and individuals with MCI when both groups were compared to healthy controls. ABSTRACT: Objective:The current study sought to determine if the Kaplan-Baycrest Neurocognitive assessment (KBNa) was capable of discriminating individuals with subjective memory complaints associated with depression from individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: scores on 12 subtests of the KBNa were compared for 27 participants with MCI and 28 participants being treated for depression using Bonferroni correct between-group comparisons for each subtest. KBNa subtest scores were corrected for age and education. Results: significant between-group differences were obtained on six subtests with large effect sizes (Cohen's d) ranging from 1.19 -1.58. The six subtests involved encoding and delayed episodic memory for verbal and visual information. Using logistic regression analysis, five subtests of the KBNa were able to correctly classify 96.4% of study participants. Conclusion:The results from this preliminary investigation indicate that the KBNa has the potential to serve as a brief and reliable assessment tool capable of distinguishing individuals with subjective memory complaints associated with depression from individuals with MCI in a clinical setting. Limitations of the current study and future research are discussed.RÉSUMÉ: Discrimination des profils cognitifs du déficit cognitif léger et de la dépression au moyen du KBNA. Objectif : Le but de cette étude était de déterminer si le Kaplan-Baycrest Neurocognitive assessment (KBNa) pouvait distinguer les individus qui ont des pertes de mémoire subjectives associées à une dépression de ceux qui ont un déficit cognitif léger (DCL). Méthode : Les scores obtenus lors de 12 sous-tests du KBNa chez 27 sujets atteints de DCL et 28 sujets traités pour dépression ont été comparés en utilisant la correction de Bonferroni pour les comparaisons entre groupes pour chaque sous-test. Les scores aux sous-tests KBNa ont été corrigés pour l'âge et le niveau de scolarité. Résultats : Des différences significatives entre les groupes ont été observées pour 6 sous-tests avec de grandes tailles d'effets (d de Cohen) allant de 1,19 à 1,58. Les 6 sous-tests comportaient l'encodage et le rappel de la mémoire épisodique pour l'information verbale et visuelle. À l'analyse de régression logistique, 5 sous-tests du KBNa étaient capable de classifier correctement 96,4% des sujets. Conclusion : Les résultats de cette étude préliminaire indiquent que le KBNa pourrait être utilisé comme outil d'évaluation bref et fiable, capable de faire la distinction...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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confidence: 99%

Discrimination of the Cognitive Profiles of MCI and Depression using the KBNA

Monette

Leach²

2013

Can. J. Neurol. Sci.

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“…The opposite direction, in which cognition at time t predicts change in depressive symptoms (C → D) was found in the present study only for memory and reasoning predicting Cognition and depressive symptoms: a latent dual change analysis 19 PA, and vocabulary predicting somatic symptoms. Only one bidirectional effect was found between speed and PA. One possible explanation for cognition as a predictor of depression, is that depressive symptoms are merely mood reactions caused when the individual became aware of his cognitive loss (Engmann, 2011;Vinkers et al, 2004). The cognitive impairment may also negatively impact the individual's capacity to regulate mood and engage in activities that could prevent depressive symptoms or promote coping (Perrino et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal relationship between cognition and depressive symptoms in older adults from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project: a latent dual change score analysis

Santos¹,

Shi²

2020

Preprint

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Background: the direction of the longitudinal association between depression and cognition remains a topic of intense debate. A unidirectional association where depression impacts the change in cognition (or vice-versa) and a bidirectional association where the trajectories of both dimensions affect each other lead to different clinical implications. Method: this study aimed to investigate the directionality of the depression-cognition association in a sample of 2,057 older adults aged between 60 to 99 years old from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project (VCAP). We used the bivariate dual change score model to investigate the association between five cognitive domains (memory, speed, reasoning, space, and vocabulary) and three dimensions of depression (somatic, depressed affect, and positive affect) throughout five measurement points with an average interval of 2.5 years between the assessments. Three directions were tested for each pair of variables: two unidirectional models and one bidirectional model. Results: a unidirectional effect in which depression at time t predicts change in cognition presented the best data fit for most of the cognitive domains. One significant causal effect was found: depressed affect (DA) at time t significantly predicted the change in memory with a negative association, that is, higher levels of DA at baseline predicted a worse performance on memory over time (γDep = -0.32881; SE = 0.17; p < 0.05). Conclusions: our findings support a unidirectional association with depression predicting change for most of the cognitive domains tested. Higher levels of DA in older adults predicted an accelerated decline in memory.

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“…Different from other diseases, degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer's among age-related cognitive disorders are destructive to the quality of life, and the patient and caregivers carry a high financial, social, and emotional burden due to those chronic harmful effect [ 5 ]. However, it is difficult to reveal causes of neurodegenerative disorders mainly because of the complexity of the brain, and thus, few clear medical treatments have been practiced despite much research having been done for decades [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence–Based Cognitive Exercise Game: A Pilot Study

Eun

Kim

2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Recently, cognitive serious games have successfully been employed to train cognitive abilities in elderly people with mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, and related disorders. However, despite the continuous rehabilitation game design and its applications, the existing cognitive exercise games fall short of user interaction and personalized elements with regard to difficult levels, which leads to users leaving early and losing interests during the gameplay. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to design and develop the serious game inclusive of playful elements for user motivation, the web-based mobile application system for easy accessibility, and Artificial Intelligence– (AI–) based difficulty level adjustment system for prevention from earlier leaving out in the middle of the play so that the elderly users can feel entertaining and immersed into the cognitive game voluntarily. This study was designed as an eight-week pilot experiment with thirty-seven participants in their 60s to 80s for the game’s usability assessment purpose. Results of the study showed that the AI-based cognitive exercise game was acceptable, interesting, and motivating for the elderly people and the test results before and after the eight-week training suggest a relationship between longer the training on the game and lower cognitive assessment scores including geriatric quality of life scale, geriatric depression scale, and Korean version of mini-mental state examination (MMSE). These correlations demonstrate the potential value of serious games in clinical assessment of cognitive status for the elderly users with varying cognitive ability. Based on these results, the elderly-centered serious game with playful element can be potentially used in clinical settings, allowing the cognitive training to be more enjoyable and more medically effective. Given these promising results, a more focused study can extend to the game system or additional game tools or features to be explored that solely target the elderly by applying AI and advanced visualization devices.

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Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Discrimination of the Cognitive Profiles of MCI and Depression using the KBNA

Discrimination of the Cognitive Profiles of MCI and Depression using the KBNA

Longitudinal relationship between cognition and depressive symptoms in older adults from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project: a latent dual change score analysis

Development and Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence–Based Cognitive Exercise Game: A Pilot Study

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