Mild Cognitive Impairment in Early Life and Mental Health Problems in Adulthood

Chen, Chuan Yu; Lawlor, John; Duggan, Anne K.; Hardy, Janet B.; Eaton, William W.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.057075

Cited by 46 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The prevalence of mental health problems among people with BIF was reported in four studies (Chen, Lawlor, Duggan, Hardy, & Eaton, 2006;Emerson, Einfeld, & Stancliffe, 2010;Hassiotis et al, 2008). Whether comparing already existing diagnoses (Chen et al, 2006) or symptoms of the mental health problems Emerson et al, 2010;Hassiotis et al, 2008), mental health problems were more prevalent among subjects with BIF than among the general population (Table 4). Although Dekker and Koot did not include a control group in their study, they concluded that the prevalence of most mental disorders among subjects with BIF exceeded the prevalence that was observed in the general population.…”

Section: Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Based on three studies, the risk of BIF somewhat increased with low birth weight (LBW). The prevalence of LBW in the adult BIF population was higher (24%) than in the average intelligence population (13%) in the study of hospital birth cohorts (Chen et al, 2006). The prevalence of BIF in the group of 3-year-old children with LBW was 19% (Ramey et al, 1992).…”

Section: Risk and Preventive Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A low level of education for the mother was present in 76% of adults with BIF, compared with 68% in the average intelligence population (Chen et al, 2006). Exposure to toxic metals was detected as a potential risk for BIF in randomly selected school children with BIF, of whom 36% presented elevated levels of lead and 17% elevated levels of cadmium in comparison to 7% and 6%, respectively, in the control groups (Marlowe, Errera, & Jacobs, 1983).…”

Section: Risk and Preventive Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Borderline Intellectual Functioning: A Systematic Literature Review

Peltopuro¹,

Ahonen²,

Kaartinen³

et al. 2014

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

111

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The literature related to people with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) was systematically reviewed in order to summarize the present knowledge. Database searches yielded 1,726 citations, and 49 studies were included in the review. People with BIF face a variety of hardships in life, including neurocognitive, social, and mental health problems. When adults with BIF were compared with the general population, they held lower-skilled jobs and earned less money. Although some risk factors (e.g., low birth weight) and preventive factors (e.g., education) were reported, they were not specific to BIF. The review finds that, despite the obvious everyday problems, BIF is almost invisible in the field of research. More research, societal discussion, and flexible support systems are needed.

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Section: Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Risk and Preventive Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Risk and Preventive Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Borderline Intellectual Functioning: A Systematic Literature Review

Peltopuro¹,

Ahonen²,

Kaartinen³

et al. 2014

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

111

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“…Studies of bipolar disorder have largely shown no association with premorbid IQ (5, 7, 8), but one study of U.S. Army recruits found elevated IQ scores in bipolar patients (9). Low IQ has been associated with increased risk of substance use disorders in some study groups (6, 10) but not in others (11-13). In one cohort, the association between low childhood IQ and increased risk of any anxiety disorder was attenuated to nonsignificance once other covariates were included (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Childhood IQ and Adult Mental Disorders: A Test of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis

Koenen¹,

Moffitt²,

Roberts³

et al. 2009

AJP

437

361

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Objective-Cognitive reserve has been proposed as important in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, tests of the association between premorbid IQ and adult mental disorders other than schizophrenia have been limited and inconclusive. The authors tested the hypothesis that low childhood IQ is associated with increased risk and severity of adult mental disorders.Method-Participants were members of a representative 1972-1973 birth cohort of 1,037 males and females in Dunedin, New Zealand, who were followed up to age 32 with 96% retention. WISC-R IQ was assessed at ages 7, 9, and 11. Research diagnoses of DSM mental disorders were made at ages 18, 21, 26, and 32.Results-Lower childhood IQ was associated with increased risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorder, adult depression, and adult anxiety. Lower childhood IQ was also associated with greater comorbidity and with persistence of depression; the association with persistence of generalized anxiety disorder was nearly significant. Higher childhood IQ predicted increased risk of adult mania.Conclusions-Lower cognitive reserve, as reflected by childhood IQ, is an antecedent of several common psychiatric disorders and also predicts persistence and comorbidity. Thus, many patients who seek mental health treatment may have lower cognitive ability; this should be considered in prevention and treatment planning.Cognitive reserve has been proposed as an important etiologic factor in the development and severity of neuropsychiatric disorders (1). The construct of cognitive reserve refers to individual differences in brain structure (e.g., density of neuronal synapses) and function (e.g., processing efficiency) thought to buffer the effects of neuropathology. Evidence has emerged from the rapidly evolving field of cognitive epidemiology (2) showing that IQ, a marker of cognitive reserve, is inversely related to risk of total psychiatric illness (3). However, with the exception of research on schizophrenia (4), surprisingly few studies have examined the relation Correspondence to: Karestan C. Koenen.Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Koenen, Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Kresge 613, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115; E-mail: kkoenen@hsph.harvard.edu (e-mail). The authors report no competing interests. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptAm J Psychiatry. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 January 1. between IQ early in life and the risk of other specific adult psychiatric disorders. Among those studies that have examined other disorders, the results have been inconclusive. We report a longitudinal study of the 20-year predictive association between childhood IQ and adult mental disorders among members of the Dunedin, New Zealand, birth cohort.In the earlier studies, low IQ at military entry increased the risk of hospitalization for depression in male Swedish conscripts (5) but not male Danish conscripts (6). Studies of bipolar disorder have largely shown no associa...

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“…Both children and adults with confirmed borderline intellectual functioning have been shown to be more represented in populations with greater psychopathological risk (Masi, 1998;Ninivaggi, 2001), in populations demonstrating vocational and school problems (Dunham & Schrader, 2000), and in populations with an increased likelihood of multidrug pharmacotherapy for disruptive behavior disorders (Stolker et al, 2001). Borderline intellectual functioning has also been demonstrated as a common comorbidity (Ferrari, 2007;Handen, Janosky, & McAuliffe, 1997) and a challenging factor for quality of life in medical treatments (Chen et al, 2006). Despite notable exceptions (e.g., Tymchuck, Lakin, & Luckasson, 2001), few books have systematically addressed the social, psychological, and contextual circumstances of persons with these types of ''mild'' cognitive impairments.…”

Section: Research On Borderline Intellectual Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderline Intellectual Functioning and the Intellectual Disability Construct

Ferrari¹

2009

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

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Mild Cognitive Impairment in Early Life and Mental Health Problems in Adulthood

Cited by 46 publications

References 28 publications

Borderline Intellectual Functioning: A Systematic Literature Review

Borderline Intellectual Functioning: A Systematic Literature Review

Childhood IQ and Adult Mental Disorders: A Test of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis

Borderline Intellectual Functioning and the Intellectual Disability Construct

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