Mikrochemische Erkennung einiger Barbitursäureverbindungen

Itallie, L. van; Steenhauer, A. J.

doi:10.1007/bf02714362

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The results of the present investigation pose two questions of paramount interest: (1) what chemical differences among these salts will explain the different crystallizing effects ; and (2) how do increasing concentrations of most salts inhibit crystallization?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spontaneous crystallization ("retrogradation") of starch from solution has been related to temperature, [1][2][3][4] hydrogen ion concentration,6-s length of the starch mole~ule,~ and various other factors. However, despite the intriguing relationships of electrolytes in the hydration of biological polymers, few studies have reported the r6le of salts in the crystallization of starch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystallization in starch: The role of ions in the lyotropic series

Khairy

Morsi

Sterling

1963

J. Polym. Sci. A Gen. Pap.

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synopsisThe crystallization (retrogradation) of starch from solution has been investigated as a function of electrolyte composition and concentration. The anion effects follow a lyotropic series which causes retrogradation in the approximate descending order: CNS-, (POl', COs-), I-, NOt-, Br-, C1-, C2Hs02-, F-, SO4-. Cations also tend to follow the lyotropic series of Ba++, Sr++, Ca++; K+, Na+, Li+. Increasing concentrations of most salts (except for NaF and MgSOJ result in decreased precipitation of starch. The descending order of ions in the lyotropic series is best explained in terms of the decreasing polarity and decreasing relative intensity of electric charge, due either to increasing ion symmetry or to increasing area of charge distribution as a result of resonance among several configurations. It is suggested that the polar, higher charge intensity in ions at. the upper end of the series brings about charging of the starch molecule, which leads to solubilization because of ( I ) the repulsion of the similarly charged molecules and ( 2 ) the aggregation of a water mantle about each molecule.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization in starch: The role of ions in the lyotropic series

Khairy

Morsi

Sterling

1963

J. Polym. Sci. A Gen. Pap.

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“…Further experiments on the distribution of malate and fumarate in plants will be reported separately. Fumaric acid was found in G. luteum bySchmalfuss (1923) and in Myrrhi8 odorata byItallie & Steenhauer (1926).23VoI. 50…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of l-malate and fumarate by malic decarboxylase of Lactobacillus arabinosus

Nossal

1952

Biochemical Journal

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The manometric estimation of L-malate by the malic decarboxylase of Lactobacillu8 arabinosu8 17-5, has been described by Korkes & Ochoa (1948), Ochoa, Salles & Ortiz (1950) and Blanchard, Korkes, del Campillo & Ochoa (1950). As both the bacterial suspensions and the acetone powder extracts used by these workers have fumarase activity, the method measures the sum of malate and fumarate. In the present work, a modification is described whereby L-malate and fumarate are measured separately, and improvements are introduced which are based on the finding that in intact cells the activity of malic decarboxylase is optimal in the presence of glucose, manganous chloride and potassium chloride (Nossal, 1951b). Part of this work has been communicated to the Biochemical Society (Nossal, 1951a). DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHOD Standard conditions for the assay of malic decarboxylase activity, and estimation of L-maliC acid in pure 8olution The main compartment of conical Warburg vessels contained 3-6 ml. malate solution (equivalent to 40jUmol. DLcompound) andO-1 ml. buffer-co-factor solution (1g. glucose, 1 g. MnC1.4Ha0, 14-9 g. KCI and 16-5 ml. 3M-sodium acetate buffer, pH 5-0, in 100 ml.). The side arm contained the bacterial suspension (0-2 ml.) prepared as previously described (Nossal, 1951 b), and 0-1 ml. of buffer-co-factor solution. The gas space contained air. The bath temperature was 35°. These conditions had previously been found to be optimal for the quantitative decarboxylation of malate. The rate of CO2 evolution for 15 min. after mixing the

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Der intravitale und postmortale Abbau von Barbitalen

Schmidt¹

1958

Arch. Toxikol.

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Mikrochemische Erkennung einiger Barbitursäureverbindungen

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Crystallization in starch: The role of ions in the lyotropic series

Crystallization in starch: The role of ions in the lyotropic series

Estimation of l-malate and fumarate by malic decarboxylase of Lactobacillus arabinosus

Der intravitale und postmortale Abbau von Barbitalen

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