MIKE 21: a modelling system for estuaries, coastal waters and seas

Warren, I.R.; Bach, Hanne

doi:10.1016/0266-9838(92)90006-p

Cited by 212 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…NEMS is then run with different weather realizations to estimate energy supply costs. (viii) Cyclone exposure is simulated via analytical wind field models (32) that force a storm surge model (33), with cyclogenesis and storm tracks generated via either (i) semiparametrically resampling historical activity (34) Finally, economic impacts are aggregated and indexed against the GMST in their corresponding climate realization to construct multidimensional probabilistic damage functions suitable for application in integrated assessment modeling: (x) Direct impacts from (vi), (vii), and (ix) are aggregated across space or time within each sector. Monetizing the value of nonmarket impacts (deaths and crime) using willingness-to-pay or accounting estimates (37,38), impacts across all sectors are aggregated to compute total damages (SM sections I and J).…”

Section: System Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States

Hsiang

Kopp

Jina

et al. 2017

Science

863

488

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Estimates of climate change damage are central to the design of climate policies. Here, we develop a flexible architecture for computing damages that integrates climate science, econometric analyses, and process models. We use this approach to construct spatially explicit, probabilistic, and empirically derived estimates of economic damage in the United States from climate change. The combined value of market and nonmarket damage across analyzed sectors—agriculture, crime, coastal storms, energy, human mortality, and labor—increases quadratically in global mean temperature, costing roughly 1.2% of gross domestic product per +1°C on average. Importantly, risk is distributed unequally across locations, generating a large transfer of value northward and westward that increases economic inequality. By the late 21st century, the poorest third of counties are projected to experience damages between 2 and 20% of county income (90% chance) under business-as-usual emissions (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5).

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Section: System Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States

Hsiang

Kopp

Jina

et al. 2017

Science

863

488

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“…Model description: Numerical, hydrodynamic modelling of Norsminde Fjord was undertaken using a 2-dimensional, hydrodynamic model -the MIKE 21 model system -comprised of a hydrodynamic (HD) submodel and an advectiondispersion (AD) submodel (Abbott et al 1981, Warren & Bach 1992, Danish Hydraulic Institute 1993. The HD submodel simulates the water level and the current velocity at each time step and in each grid point.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estuarine nitrogen retention independently estimated by the denitrification rate and mass balance methods:a study of Norsminde Fjord, Denmark

Nielsen¹,

Nielsen²,

Rasmussen³

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Nitrogen retention was studied in a small, shallow estuary (Norsminde Fjord, Denmark) by 2 independent methods: (1) measurement of denitrification rate using the isotope painng technique; and (2) estimation of mass balances established on the basis of hydrodynamic numerical modelling. Denitrlficatlon rates were found to range from 100 to 1600 pm01 N m-' d-l, and varied considerably from February to May. The seasonal and spatial variation in denitrification rate was positively related to the water column NO3-concentration. The average annual denitrification rate was 29 kg N ha-' yr-', or approximately 6 t N yr-l for the entire estuary. This compared well with the annual nitrogen retention of approximately 8 t N yr-' calculated from the mass balances. Annual denitrification and nitrogen retention in the estuary accounted for approximately 2 % and 3 %, respectively, of total nitrogen input from the catchment area. These low values are explicable by the high water exchange rate in the estuary, freshwater retention time being 1.5 to 13 d, with minimum values during the winter. The present study therefore lends no support to the widely held assumption that estuarine denitrification generally amounts to 40 to 50 % of the nitrogen input. The findings indicate that in addition to nitrogen input from the land, consideration must also be given to the water residence when estuarine nitrogen retention is being estimated.

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“…Comprehensive morphodynamic modeling systems like ECOMSed [Hydroqual, 2002], Mike21 [Warren and Bach, 1992], Delft3D [Lesser et al, 2004] and ROMS [Warner et al, 2008] generally include different flow options (from 1D to 3D), a wave propagation model and a sand transport model including bed-load and suspended load (for a review, see for example Papanicolaou et al [2008]). …”

Section: Review Of Morphodynamic Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large scale morphodynamic process-based model of the Gironde estuary

Villaret¹,

Huybrechts²,

Davies³

2012

NCK-days 2012: Crossing Borders in Coastal Research: Jubilee Conference Proceedings NCK-days 2012

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We present here our effort to develop a morphodynamic model of the Gironde estuary, using a process-based approach. In this complex and strongly dynamical environment, internal coupling between the flow (Telemac-2d) and sediment transport models (Sisyphe) allows the representation of detailed sediment processes and interactions with the bed, using a bed roughness feedback method. In this complex and highly heterogeneous environment, the sediment bed composition had to be schematized assuming 3 classes of bed material. Model results could be further improved by accounting for the cohesive sediment (consolidation processes). Thanks to parallelization of the codes, the simulation takes only 18 hrs on 8 processors (linux station) to calculate the 5-year bed evolution, at the basin scale (150 km).

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MIKE 21: a modelling system for estuaries, coastal waters and seas

Cited by 212 publications

References 9 publications

Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States

Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States

Estuarine nitrogen retention independently estimated by the denitrification rate and mass balance methods:a study of Norsminde Fjord, Denmark

A large scale morphodynamic process-based model of the Gironde estuary

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