Migration rate and genetic diversity of two Drosophila maculifrons (Duda, 1927) populations from Highland Araucaria Forest Fragments in Southern Brazil

Silva, D. C.; Machado, Luciana Paes de Barros; Mateus, Rogério Pincela

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.09914

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Microsatellite loci are codominant multi‐allelic genetic markers, which allow assessing both temporal and spatial genetic structure of natural populations (Gredler, Hish, & Noor, ; Hartvig et al, ; Silva, Machado, & Mateus, ). They are also a marker commonly used in conservation genetics to estimate the loss of genetic variability and to infer the demographic history of populations, assuming they are neutral or nearly neutral even if located in a coding region (Ellegren, ; Lombaert et al, ; Stamenković‐Radak et al, ; Takezaki, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of adaptive and neutral markers ofDrosophila mediopunctatapopulations dispersed among forest fragments

Batista

Penha

Sofia

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Comparison of adaptive and neutral genetic markers is a valuable approach to characterize the evolutionary consequences of populations living in environments threatened by anthropogenic disturbances, such as forest fragmentation. Shifts in allele frequencies, low genetic variability, and a small effective population size can be considered clear signs of forest fragmentation effects (due to genetic drift) over natural populations, while adaptive responses correlate with environmental variables. Brazilian Atlantic Forest had its landscape drastically reduced and fragmented. Now, several forest remnants are isolated from each other by urban and crop areas. We sampled Drosophila mediopunctata populations from eight forest remnants dispersed on two adjacent geomorphological regions, which are physiognomic and climatically quite distinct. Microsatellite data of inversion‐free chromosomes (neutral genetic marker) indicate low structuration among populations suggesting that they were panmictic and greatly influenced by gene flow. Moreover, significant differences in chromosomal inversion frequencies (adaptive genetic marker) among populations and their correlations with climatic and geographical variables indicate that genetic divergence among populations could be an adaptive response to their environment. Nonetheless, we observed a significant difference in inversion frequencies of a population in two consecutive years that may be associated with edge and demographic effects. Also, it may be reflecting seasonal changes of inversion frequencies influenced by great temperature variation due to edge effects. Moreover, the forest fragment size does not affect genetic variation of neutral markers. Our data indicate that despite oscillations in chromosomal inversion frequencies, D. mediopunctata populations from Brazilian Atlantic Forest and their divergence may be driven by adaptive factors to local differences, perhaps because it is a small flying insect easily carried by the wind increasing its migration rates.

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