Migration of formaldehyde and melamine from melaware and other amino resin tableware in real life service

Mannoni, Veruscka; Padula, Giorgio; Panico, Oronzo; Maggio, Antonino; Arena, C.; Milana, Maria Rosaria

doi:10.1080/19440049.2016.1252467

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In contrast to migration processes controlled by diffusion and/or partitioning alone, release of melamine and formaldehyde from melamine kitchenware increases in several cases with consecutive migration test cycles due to advanced hydrolysis of the polymer. This has been shown in different studies, e.g., by Mannoni et al [30] and the references therein. Historically, the term "migration" from plastic food contact material was introduced to describe the results of diffusion processes which might be kinetically and/or thermodynamically controlled.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

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Release of Melamine and Formaldehyde from Melamine-Formaldehyde Plastic Kitchenware

et al. 2020

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The release of melamine and formaldehyde from kitchenware made of melamine resins is still a matter of great concern. To investigate the migration and release behavior of the monomers from melamine-based food contact materials into food simulants and food stuffs, cooking spoons were tested under so-called hot plate conditions at 100 °C. Release conditions using the real hot plate conditions with 3% acetic acid were compared with conditions in a conventional migration oven and with a release to deionized water. Furthermore, the kinetics of the release were studied using Arrhenius plots giving an activation energy for the release of melamine of 120 kJ/mol. Finally, a correlation between quality of the resins, specifically the kind of bridges between the monomers, and the release of melamine, was confirmed by CP/MAS 13C-NMR measurements of the melamine kitchenware. Obviously, the ratio of methylene bridges and dimethylene ether bridges connecting the melamine monomers during the curing process can be directly correlated with the amount of the monomers released into food.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The F:M ratio ranged between 1.7 and 3.0. This resembles molar ratios typically used for melamine resin production [ 4 , 6 ] and is in the same range as in the so-called import group described in the work of Mannoni et al [ 30 ]. However, in the latter study kitchen also utensils with much higher F:M ratios were found (up to 5.2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Release of Melamine and Formaldehyde from Melamine-Formaldehyde Plastic Kitchenware

et al. 2020

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“…They can be the infant formulae that serve as the only food source of some of the infants, as well as the dietary supplements for some of the pregnant mothers and school children. Nonetheless, melamine indeed exists in many forms in our household and is commonly found in food‐contact materials, most importantly the “melaware”, from which leakage of melamine was detected in many studies . Although the melamine contamination in high dose has ceased, the increased risk of damages to the mothers and fetuses and its developmental adverse outcomes during pregnancy at an intake level lower than the WHO recommendation should be studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, melamine indeed exists in many forms in our household and is commonly found in foodcontact materials, most importantly the "melaware", from which leakage of melamine was detected in many studies. [27][28][29][30][31][32] Although the melamine contamination in high dose has ceased, the increased risk of damages to the mothers and fetuses and its developmental adverse outcomes during pregnancy at an intake level lower than the WHO recommendation should be studied.We have previously demonstrated the transfer of low-dose melamine through placenta and mammary gland in a rat model, 33,34 characterized the toxicokinetics of melamine in the pregnant rats, the fetuses and the neonates, 35 and have also proven the reproductive effects in utero. 36 The other published studies of reproductive and developmental effects of melamine in rats have longer administration period, ranging from 8 to 21 days 22-25 but few have focused on the nephrotoxicity…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of low‐dose melamine exposure during pregnancy on maternal and fetal kidneys in rats

Chu

Fung

Wang

2017

Environmental Toxicology

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Despite the previous reports on melamine contamination in high concentrations some years ago, there were not many studies on low-level exposure in daily life, particularly in pregnancy. We investigated the effect of low-dose melamine on the kidneys of the pregnant rats and their developing embryos/fetuses during various gestational stages namely implantation, gastrulation, organogenesis, maturation and whole pregnancy. Our results showed that the repeated low level of melamine (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg bw/d) during pregnancy did not cause obstruction of renal tubules although more precipitating crystals were found in the early gestational periods. Simple hyperplasia in the maternal tubules and pelvic epithelium were more prominent after exposed to melamine during the whole gestational period. Neonatal kidneys significantly suffered more from congestion in glomeruli and interstitium, dilated tubules and interstitial edema after melamine administration to the mother in the late and the whole gestational periods. A trend of advance of glomerular development in fetuses was also observed. We conclude that in utero exposure of low-level melamine could post a risk on the kidneys of the pregnant mother as well as the developing fetuses, which may further increase the possibility of other health problems later in life.

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“…On the other hand, several well-known chemicals of concern are used to make plastics and migrate from plastics, for example, BPA, DEHP, and melamine (CAS 108-78-1) [27,28]. Other hazardous chemicals are present as NIAS, like nonylphenol (various CAS, e.g., 84852-15-3), a breakdown product of an antioxidant [29].…”

Section: Changing the Game On Plastics Packaging: Talking Toxicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling the toxics in plastics packaging

Muncke

2021

PLoS Biol

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The widespread use of plastic packaging for storing, transporting, and conveniently preparing or serving foodstuffs is significantly contributing to the global plastic pollution crisis. This has led to many efforts directed toward amending plastic packaging’s end of life, such as recycling, or alternative material approaches, like increasingly using paper for food packaging. But these approaches often neglect the critical issue of chemical migration: When contacting foodstuffs, chemicals that are present in packaging transfer into food and thus unwittingly become part of the human diet. Hazardous chemicals, such as endocrine disrupters, carcinogens, or substances that bioaccumulate, are collectively referred to as “chemicals of concern.” They can transfer from plastic packaging into food, together with other unknown or toxicologically uncharacterized chemicals. This chemical transfer is scientifically undisputed and makes plastic packaging a known, and avoidable, source of human exposure to synthetic, hazardous, and untested chemicals. Here, I discuss this issue and highlight aspects in need of improvement, namely the way that chemicals present in food packaging are assessed for toxicity. Further, I provide an outlook on how chemical contamination from food packaging could be addressed in the future. Robust innovations must attempt systemic change and tackle the issue of plastic pollution and chemical migration in a way that integrates all existing knowledge.

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Migration of formaldehyde and melamine from melaware and other amino resin tableware in real life service

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Release of Melamine and Formaldehyde from Melamine-Formaldehyde Plastic Kitchenware

Release of Melamine and Formaldehyde from Melamine-Formaldehyde Plastic Kitchenware

Effects of low‐dose melamine exposure during pregnancy on maternal and fetal kidneys in rats

Tackling the toxics in plastics packaging

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