Migration of Chemical Compounds from Packaging Polymers during Microwave, Conventional Heat Treatment, and Storage

Bhunia, Kanishka; Sablani, Shyam S.; Tang, Juming; Rasco, Barbara

doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12028

Cited by 323 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…The obtained results in this research showed that as stated by Bhunia et al (22), temperature and storage time have a significant effect on the migration of DEHP. At the same study, Salah et al (25) determined the presence of phthalates in 10 different brands of bottled water available in Saudi markets and stored under different conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of Di-ethylhexyl Phthalate Migration by Applying Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Method Followed by GC-FID Determination

Faraji¹,

Adeli

2016

Nutr Food Sci Res

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A B S T R A C T Background and Objectives:The addition of plasticizers (mainly phthalates and adipates) makes plastic flexible and popular for packaging, storing and preserving food, water, and so on. The most widely used plasticizer in food contact applications is di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) though being suspected to have carcinogenic and estrogenic properties. The aim of this study is application of magnetic solid phase extraction as new absorbent for determination of DEHP in water samples by gas chromatography (GC). Materials and Methods:Important factors in extraction, separation and determination processes were optimized using the one-variable-at-a-time method. For optimization, all tests were performed two times.Figures of merit of the proposed method were evaluated. The amount of DEHP in some water samples was determined using the proposed method. Results:The results showed that the obtained chromatogram of extract was free of significant interference. The preservatives' recoveries ranged from 91.6% to 102.2%. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.1 mg kg -1 and 0.3 µg L -1 , respectively. Concentration of DEHP in the studied samples was in the range of N.D-2.3 µg L -1 . Conclusions:The acceptable performance and reliability of the proposed method were demonstrated. Temperature and time were fount as the most effective parameters in migration of DEHP.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…During the process of diffusion, these compounds enter into another matrix (such as film or food), which changes their concentration in both the packaging film and food. Although chemical compound migration is mainly a diffusion-controlled process, it is equally important to consider the mechanism of convection and chemical reactions (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Di-ethylhexyl Phthalate Migration by Applying Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Method Followed by GC-FID Determination

Faraji¹,

Adeli

2016

Nutr Food Sci Res

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“…Several industrial formulations, e.g., chocolate [4], food packaging [5], etc., suffer from this ubiquitous problem. While many experimental [1,2,6] and theoretical studies [7] of this phenomenon exist, a good quantitative agreement between theoretical predictions and experiments is still lacking [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elasticity Dominated Surface Segregation of Small Molecules in Polymer Mixtures

et al. 2016

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. We study the phenomenon of migration of the small molecular weight component of a binary polymer mixture to the free surface using mean field and self-consistent field theories. By proposing a free energy functional that incorporates polymer-matrix elasticity explicitly, we compute the migrant volume fraction and show that it decreases significantly as the sample rigidity is increased. A wetting transition, observed for high values of the miscibility parameter can be prevented by increasing the matrix rigidity. Estimated values of the bulk modulus suggest that the effect should be observable experimentally for rubberlike materials. This provides a simple way of controlling surface migration in polymer mixtures and can play an important role in industrial formulations, where surface migration often leads to decreased product functionality. In this Letter we ask how the elasticity of the polymer matrix influences surface migration of small molecules in polymer mixtures. We propose a free energy functional that incorporates elasticity of the polymer mixture explicitly, a feature that has been ignored in previous surface segregation studies. Using a Schmidt-Binder mean field theory (SB) and self-consistent field theory (SCFT) we show that as the sample rigidity is increased (i) the migrant fraction decreases, and (ii) a wetting transition can be avoided (demonstrated by a geometric construction [8,9]). These results are of paramount importance in industrial product formulations where surface migration of small molecular weight component results in decreased functional performance of the product.Surface migration.-For a binary mixture, the component with the lower surface energy will migrate to the interface. A balance between loss of translational entropy and gain in surface energy dictates the equilibrium morphology of such systems. This is shown in Fig. 1 with a high migrant (black) concentration close to the interface (z ¼ 0) of a mixture of low and high (red) molecular weight polymers. The migrant concentration decreases

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“…The leaching of plasticisers from foodcontact materials is facilitated under several conditions, including heating, exposure to alkaline conditions (i.e., dishwashing soap), and exposure to lipid-rich foods (90). Therefore, when assessing exposure to plasticisers from food contact material using a questionnaire-based approach, it is important to consider the conditions that the food contact materials are subject to and whether the materials come into contact with fatty foods in particular.…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing exposure of young children to common endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the home environment: a review and commentary of the questionnaire-based approach

English

Healy²,

Jagals³

et al. 2015

Reviews on Environmental Health

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AbstractAlthough infants and young children are particularly vulnerable to endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) exposure, there is an absence of comprehensive exposure data for this age group. As young children spend the majority of their time indoors, improved methods of exposure assessment are needed to characterise the health risks from exposures in the home environment. Biologic assessment, which has been considered the gold standard for exposure assessment in recent years, is difficult to conduct in young children. Questionnaires are an alternative and indirect method of predicting exposure, which may overcome some of the limitations of direct exposure assessment.The feasibility of using a questionnaire-based approach to predict exposure of young children to EDCs in the home has yet to be comprehensively reviewed. Moreover, there is no one questionnaire that has been validated for predicting the exposure of infants to common EDCs in the home.The aim of this review is to discuss the use and validation of the questionnaire-based approach to predict exposure of children to chemicals from three common classes of EDCs in the home, namely, plasticisers, flame retardants, and insecticides. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the questionnaire-based approach as well as the important pathways of exposure in the home environment, by which to guide the design and validation of future exposure questionnaires.The findings from our review indicate that the questionnaire-based approach is a valuable tool in the prediction of exposure to persistent organic pollutants, as well as to toxicants that have consistent patterns of exposure. With improvements to the design and validation process, the questionnaire-based approach may also prove to be a reliable instrument in predicting exposure to EDCs with short-half lives, including bisphenol A, phthalates, and pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides.

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Migration of Chemical Compounds from Packaging Polymers during Microwave, Conventional Heat Treatment, and Storage

Cited by 323 publications

References 101 publications

Investigation of Di-ethylhexyl Phthalate Migration by Applying Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Method Followed by GC-FID Determination

Investigation of Di-ethylhexyl Phthalate Migration by Applying Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Method Followed by GC-FID Determination

Elasticity Dominated Surface Segregation of Small Molecules in Polymer Mixtures

Assessing exposure of young children to common endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the home environment: a review and commentary of the questionnaire-based approach

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