Migration of bisphenol A and its related compounds in canned seafood and dietary exposure estimation

Abstract

The present study sought to investigate the migration of target bisphenols, such as BPA, BPF, BADGE, BADGE·H2O, BADGE·2H2O, and BFDGE in 102 samples of several canned seafood, namely canned Antarctic krill, scallop, oysters, mussel, clam, and mantis shrimp stored for months at different temperatures through a high-performance liquid chromatographic-fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) combined with a microwave-assisted extraction method. Except for BFDGE, the other five bisphenols were observed in most of the analyzed samples. The canned shrimp showed the highest migration of BPA (0.089 mg/kg), exceeding the specific migration limit (SML) of BPA (0.05 mg/kg) specified by the European Union (EU), while the migration levels of BADGE and its derivatives were within their SMLs. The migration behavior of bisphenols in the canned seafood was majorly affected by the analytes, storage conditions, and food types. BPA, BADGE·H2O, and BADGE·2H2O were characterized by a rapid migration during the first half of the shelf life, which increased with the increase of temperature, followed by a stabilization or decline of their concentrations for prolonged durations. Besides, the migration of target bisphenols was significantly influenced by the storage temperature in some seafood species. Notably, higher migration level of BPA was found in samples with higher fat content. The average dietary exposure of Chinese adults to BPA, BPF, BADGE·2H2O, BADGE·H2O, and BADGE of canned seafood was estimated at 11.69, 1.21, 6.47, 8.74, and 4.71 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. The target hazard quotient (THQ) values of all the analyzed bisphenols were below 1 for the Chinese adults, suggesting an insignificant exposure to these bisphenols through canned seafood consumption.

Exposure characteristics and cumulative risk assessment of bisphenol A and its substitutes: the Taiwan environmental survey for toxicants 2013

“…**: p < 0.05; p < 0.05. (A) Scenario 1: Based on the TDI by EFSA ( 65 ) and thresholds derived by Mok et al ( 64 ), Lin et al ( 66 ) BPA and BPF TDI 4,000 ng/kg/day, BPS TDI 4,400 ng/kg/day. (B) Scenario 2: Based on the TDI by EFSA ( 46 ) and assumption that BPF and BPS have the same TDI; BΡΑ and its substitutes TDI 0.2 ng/kg/day; using the Mann–Whitney U test to compare HQTDI in different sex and labeled on the higher median value.…”

“…The European Food Safety Authority ( 65 ) recommends a TDI of 4,000 ng/kg of body weight/day for BPA. Lin et al ( 66 ) recommended a TDI of 4,000 (ng/kg/day) for BPF, and Mok et al ( 64 ) recommended a TDI of 4,400 (ng/kg/day) for BPS ( Eq. 3 ).…”

Curcumin and Silymarin Amelioration of the Bisphenol-A induced Hepatotoxic Effects in Male Albino Rats: A structural, Biochemical and Molecular Experimental Study

“…Canned foods are widely consumed, as they contain high-quality food stuffs. However, the direct contact with packaging materials results in the contamination by some undesirable substances, such as bisphenol A [BPA] [1] . Bisphenol-A is an endocrine-disrupting compound.…”