Migration and the phases of population redistribution

Inter-regional migration in Indonesia: a micro approach

“…Wajdi et al (2015) used Long's (1985) framework of population redistribution phases and focused on macro level migration flows rather than the micro-level behaviour of individuals. According to Greenwood (1997), the inclusion of micro factors in macro models of migration is not appropriate.…”

Spatial pattern and its evolution of Chinese provincial population: Methods and empirical study

“…The C-C model has been adopted by the United Nations (UN) to routinely forecast the future country-level population in the world. To be discussed later in details, the UN's population forecasting for China demonstrated an impressive agreement with the data reported by China's national censuses conducted in 2000 and 2010. In addition, population forecasting involves micro-level and macro-level strategies (Long, 1985). The micro-level strategy is a bottom-up approach, with the higher-level population derived from individual geographical regions at the lower level.…”

Gravity Models of Interregional Migration in Indonesia

“…According to Long (1985), population concentrates in urban centres during the early stages of development and deconcentrates during the later stages of development. A study by Wajdi, Van Wissen, and Mulder (2015) indicates that the migration pattern in Indonesia is in line with Long's thesis, which posits that economic development has a strong relationship with migration.…”

“…Employing basic and modified (extended) gravity models, and using data from the 2000 and 2010 Population Censuses and the 2005 Intercensal Population Survey, we test Long's (1985) hypothesis that in the early stages of population redistribution, economic development is positively related to a concentration of the population. Using per-capita GDP as a proxy for income and as an indicator of economic development, we find that migration in Indonesia is indeed directed towards more developed regions.…”