Middle-Upper Devonian relative sea-level histories of central and western North American interior basins

Day, Jed; Uyeno, Tom T.; Norris, W. A.; Witzke, Brian J.; Bunker, Bill J.

doi:10.1130/0-8137-2306-x.259

Cited by 15 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Recent investigations of brachiopod and conodont sequences in the Middle and Upper Devonian of central North America (Day, 1989(Day, , 1992(Day, , 1996Day et al, 1991Day et al, , 1996 and new data outlined in this study establish geographic occurrences and biostratigraphic ranges of three species (one new) of Tecnocyrtina. These new data and published information on the geographic and stratigraphic ranges of North American forms provide the basis for analysis of temporal and spatial distribution patterns, and of morphologic trends within two main species groups of the genus (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…2). Deposition of this formation coincided with the lower part of T-R cycle IIa of Johnson et al (1985) or T-R cycle IIa-1 of Day et al (1994Day et al ( , 1996. All other species of the missouriensis group, including T. johnsonin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…from Member C of the Dawson Bay Formation (A. W. Norris, personal communication, 1995), succeeded by T. missouriensis missouriensis in the lower part of the Souris River Formation. Norris, Uyeno, and Day (in Day et al, 1996, fig. 2) correlated Member C of the Dawson Bay with the middle to upper part of the varcus Zone and referred the Dawson Bay Formation to T-R cycle IIa-1 of Day et al (1994Day et al ( , 1996.…”

Section: Southwestern Manitobamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The presence of Tecnocyrtina in the overlying Souris River Formation was first reported in discussions of correlations of Day et al (1994Day et al ( , 1996 associated with Upper disparilis Subzone/Upper subterminus Fauna conodonts. Occurrences of species and subspecies of the missouriensis group shown as solid circles, and the oldest element of the billingsi group in the Great Basin and Poland is shown as a solid inverted triangle.…”

Section: Southwestern Manitobamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…1). Johnson et al (1985) and Johnson and Klapper (1992) are discussed in Day et al (1994Day et al ( , 1996. Upper Givetian conodont zonation of Johnson and Klapper (in Johnson, 1990); Frasnian conodont zonation after Klapper (1989).…”

Section: Alberta and British Columbiamentioning

confidence: 97%

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Phylogeny and biogeography of <italic>Tecnocyrtina</italic> (Brachiopoda-Spriferinida) in the Devonian (Givetian-Frasnian) of North America

Day¹

1997

Paleozoic Sequence Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, and Biogeography: Studies in Honor of J. Granville ("Jess") Johnson

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Taxonomy and biostratigraphic and geographic distribution of North American species of the medially plicate cyrtinid genus Tecnocyrtina demonstrate that this distinctive brachiopod lineage is late Givetian to early Frasnian. The stratigraphic distribution appears to have been connected with sea-level rises that initiated deposition of four subdivisions of Devonian eustatic Transgressive-Regressive (T-R) cyclesIIa and IIb of Johnson and others and of Johnson and Klapper. Two major divisions of the North American Tecnocyrtina lineage are designated as the missouriensis and billingsi groups. The missouriensis group consists of six forms, including the oldest-known tecnocyrtinids; these apparently originated in central Canada. The Cyrtina-Tecnocyrtina phyletic transition occurred after the start of Devonian eustatic T-R cycle IIa, or T-R cycle IIa-1 of Day and others, probably coinciding with the upper part of the Middle varcus Subzone or lower part of the undifferentiated hermanni Zone. Renewed transgression related to the sea level rise of T-R cycle IIa-2 in the late Givetian resulted in migration of Tecnocyrtina and allopatric evolution of three geographic species and three subspecies of the missouriensis group in six North American shelf settings. The oldest species of the billingsi group evolved phyletically in the Great Basin from a subspecies of the missouriensis group during the later part of T-R cycle IIa-2 in the late Givetian. The regression terminating T-R cycle IIa in North America and the widespread emergence of carbonate platforms coincided with extinction of nearly all species of the missouriensis group, except in the U.S. midcontinent. The billingsi group underwent radiation as a consequence of migration from the Great Basin into western Canadian shelves, and in shelf habitats from Poland to Germany; this coincided with the sea-level rise that initiated T-R cycle IIb during the latest Givetian norrisi Zone. The last element of the missouriensis group evolved phyletically from T. johnsoni n. sp. at this time in the U.S. midcontinent. Extinction of the last known elements of both Tecnocyrtina groups in central and western North America occurred in the upper part of T-R cycle IIb in beds with conodonts of Frasnian Montagne Noire Zone 4 of Klapper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Southwestern Manitobamentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Southwestern Manitobamentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Alberta and British Columbiamentioning

confidence: 97%

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Phylogeny and biogeography of <italic>Tecnocyrtina</italic> (Brachiopoda-Spriferinida) in the Devonian (Givetian-Frasnian) of North America

Day¹

1997

Paleozoic Sequence Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, and Biogeography: Studies in Honor of J. Granville ("Jess") Johnson

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Discontinuity surfaces and microfacies in a storm‐dominated shallow Epeiric Sea, Devonian Cedar Valley Group, Iowa

Brady

Bowie

2017

The Depositional Record

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Discontinuity surfaces develop in carbonate successions in response to a range of environmental changes and represent an integral part of the stratigraphic record. In Palaeozoic shallow epeiric basins that are typified by extremely slow subsidence and intermittent sedimentation, discontinuity surfaces may represent the majority of the time-rock record. A depositional and sequence-stratigraphic model was developed through microfacies analysis and discontinuity surface characterization using three cores in a proximal to distal transect across the Middle to Upper Devonian Iowa Basin. Twelve microfacies are recognized, spanning supratidal to deep subtidal facies tracts. A total of 105 discontinuity surfaces were documented and classified as either submarine omission surfaces, subaerial exposure surfaces or submarine erosional surfaces. Omission surfaces increase in frequency basinward, indicating increased sediment starvation in the offshore direction. Exposure surfaces increase in frequency shoreward, indicating more frequent subaerial exposure in a shallower setting. Erosional surfaces are dominant in the inner and middle ramp and interpreted as the base of storm beds (tempestites); these surfaces are rare in the outer ramp due to its generally deeper setting below storm wave base. Moreover, discontinuity surfaces exhibit systematic groupings stratigraphically (vertically) across the three localities spanning the Devonian carbonate ramp. Zones of either exposuredominated, erosion-dominated or omission-dominated surfaces were recognized and correlated with their landward or basinward equivalents (along with shifts in major facies belts) and interpreted in a sequence-stratigraphic context. This study highlights the importance of including a detailed characterization of both depositional facies and non-depositional discontinuity surfaces in order to better understand the stratigraphic history of a basin. The framework of analysis provided here is particularly useful for marine carbonate strata deposited in epeiric basins, which are especially common in the Palaeozoic and where nondeposition and erosion occur frequently, but can also be applied to other geological time periods and settings.

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Oxygen isotope evolution of biogenic calcite and apatite during the Middle and Late Devonian

Joachimski

Geldern

Breisig

et al. 2004

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

179

102

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Oxygen isotope ratios of well-preserved brachiopod calcite and conodont apatite were used to reconstruct the palaeotemperature history of the Middle and Late Devonian. By assuming an oxygen isotopic composition of 1‰ V-SMOW for Devonian seawater, the oxygen isotope values of Eifelian and early Givetian brachiopods and conodonts give average palaeotemperatures ranging from 22 to 25 C. Late Givetian and Frasnian palaeotemperatures calculated from d 18 O values of conodont apatite are close to 25 C in the early Frasnian and increase to 32 C in the latest Frasnian and early Famennian. Oxygen isotope ratios of late Givetian and Frasnian brachiopods are significantly lower than equilibrium values calculated from conodont apatite d 18 O values and give unrealistically warm temperatures ranging from 30 to 40 C. Diagenetic recrystallization of shell calcite, different habitats of conodonts and brachiopods, as well as non-equilibrium fractionation processes during the precipitation of brachiopod calcite cannot explain the 18 O depletion of brachiopod calcite. Moreover, the 18 O depletion of brachiopod calcite with respect to equilibrium d 18 O values calculated from conodont apatite is too large to be explained by a change in seawater pH that might have influenced the oxygen isotopic composition of brachiopod calcite. The realistic palaeotemperatures derived from d 18 O apatite may suggest that biogenic apatite records the oxygen isotopic composition and palaeotemperature of Palaeozoic oceans more faithfully than brachiopod calcite, and do not support the hypothesis that the 18 O/ 16 O ratio of Devonian seawater was significantly different from that of the modern ocean.

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Middle-Upper Devonian relative sea-level histories of central and western North American interior basins

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Phylogeny and biogeography of <italic>Tecnocyrtina</italic> (Brachiopoda-Spriferinida) in the Devonian (Givetian-Frasnian) of North America

Phylogeny and biogeography of <italic>Tecnocyrtina</italic> (Brachiopoda-Spriferinida) in the Devonian (Givetian-Frasnian) of North America

Discontinuity surfaces and microfacies in a storm‐dominated shallow Epeiric Sea, Devonian Cedar Valley Group, Iowa

Oxygen isotope evolution of biogenic calcite and apatite during the Middle and Late Devonian

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