Middle-Ear Stiffness of the Bottlenose Dolphin Tursiops truncatus

Miller, Brian; Zosuls, Aleks; Ketten, Darlene R.

doi:10.1109/joe.2006.872208

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The middle-ear reverse stiffness of two minke ears was measured using the same equipment and methods as described in Miller et al (2006). Reverse stiffness is defined as the force required to drive the stapes footplate for a given displacement.…”

Section: Soft Tissue Elastic Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ear was then mounted on a force probe apparatus as described in Miller et al (2006). Stiffness was measured as the force required to displace the stapes in and out of the annular ligament.…”

Section: Soft Tissue Elastic Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An acoustic power-flow model was developed as a method of breaking down the auditory system into three components: one for the external ear, one for the middle ear, and one for the inner ear (Rosowski, 1991;Miller et al, 2006). An audiogram captures the total effect from all three components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A prediction of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) middle-ear transfer function

Tubelli

Zosuls

Ketten

et al. 2012

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The lack of baleen whale (Cetacea Mysticeti) audiograms impedes the assessment of the impacts of anthropogenic noise on these animals. Estimates of audiograms, which are difficult to obtain behaviorally or electrophysiologically for baleen whales, can be made by simulating the audiogram as a series of components representing the outer, middle, and inner ear (Rosowski, 1991;Ruggero and Temchin, 2002). The middle-ear portion of the system can be represented by the middle-ear transfer function (METF), a measure of the transmission of acoustic energy from the external ear to the cochlea. An anatomically accurate finite element model of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) middle ear was developed to predict the METF for a mysticete species. The elastic moduli of the auditory ossicles were measured by using nanoindentation. Other mechanical properties were estimated from experimental stiffness measurements or from published values. The METF predicted a best frequency range between approximately 30 Hz and 7.5 kHz or between 100 Hz and 25 kHz depending on stimulation location. Parametric analysis found that the most sensitive parameters are the elastic moduli of the glove finger and joints and the Rayleigh damping stiffness coefficient b. The predicted hearing range matches well with the vocalization range.

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Section: Soft Tissue Elastic Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soft Tissue Elastic Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A prediction of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) middle-ear transfer function

Tubelli

Zosuls

Ketten

et al. 2012

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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show abstract

“…Direct experimental measurements of middle-ear stiffness were used to calibrate the model [7]. The ability of the model to coincide with both experimental stiffness and vocalization values suggest that this type of modeling along with information about the basilar membrane mechanics can produce a reasonable estimation of the an audiogram in whales.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantage to using FE models is that they incorporate the geometry and material properties of the structures of interest. FE modeling can be verified using experimental data such as an audiogram or direct middle-ear stiffness measures [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Analysis of Hearing in Whales Using Nanoindentation and the Finite Element Method

Tubelli¹,

Zosuls²,

Ketten³

et al. 2011

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The detailed biomechanics of hearing in baleen whales are almost entirely unknown. As a first step to predicting the audiogram for these species, a linear three-dimensional finite-element model of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) middle ear was developed. A reconstruction of the ear was made from CT scans and imported into a finite element solver. Young's modulus of the bone was estimated via nanoindentation. The middle-ear transfer function was estimated by applying a pressure to the glove finger (the thick, everted equivalent of the tympanic membrane) with velocity calculated at the stapes footplate. It was found that the most sensitive frequencies corresponded with vocalization frequencies. For all frequencies tested, the malleus-incus complex flexed about the anterior process of the malleus and the stapes rotated within the oval window. Results indictae that finite element modeling is a useful approach for studying the mechanics of hearing in species that are difficult to study in vivo.

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Elastic Modulus of Cetacean Auditory Ossicles

Tubelli

Zosuls

Ketten

2014

The Anatomical Record

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In order to model the hearing capabilities of marine mammals (cetaceans), it is necessary to understand the mechanical properties, such as elastic modulus, of the middle ear bones in these species. Biologically realistic models can be used to investigate the biomechanics of hearing in cetaceans, much of which is currently unknown. In the present study, the elastic moduli of the auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) of eight species of cetacean, two baleen whales (mysticete) and six toothed whales (odontocete), were measured using nanoindentation. The two groups of mysticete ossicles overall had lower average elastic moduli (35.2 ± 13.3 GPa and 31.6 ± 6.5 GPa) than the groups of odontocete ossicles (53.3 ± 7.2 GPa to 62.3 ± 4.7 GPa). Interior bone generally had a higher modulus than cortical bone by up to 36%. The effects of freezing and formalin-fixation on elastic modulus were also investigated, although samples were few and no clear trend could be discerned. The high elastic modulus of the ossicles and the differences in the elastic moduli between mysticetes and odontocetes are likely specializations in the bone for underwater hearing.

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Middle-Ear Stiffness of the Bottlenose Dolphin Tursiops truncatus

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

A prediction of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) middle-ear transfer function

A prediction of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) middle-ear transfer function

Biomechanical Analysis of Hearing in Whales Using Nanoindentation and the Finite Element Method

Elastic Modulus of Cetacean Auditory Ossicles

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