Mid-infrared type-II interband cascade lasers

Yang, Rui Q.; Bradshaw, John L.; Bruno, John D.; Pham, John; Wortman, D.E.

doi:10.1109/jqe.2002.1005406

Cited by 69 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Recently, the quantum cascade laser (QCL) 122,123 and the interband cascade laser, 124,125 wavelength-flexible, compact, and semiconductor-based light sources have emerged as commercially viable sources of coherent light across the mid-IR. At the same time, the renewed interest in mid-IR photonics, driven in large part by the QCL, is motivating efforts to develop improved and novel semiconductor-based IR photodetectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of mid-infrared plasmonic materials

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The field of plasmonics has the potential to enable unique applications in the midinfrared (IR) wavelength range. However, as is the case regardless of wavelength, the choice of plasmonic material has significant implications for the ultimate utility of any plasmonic device or structure. In this manuscript, we review the wide range of available plasmonic and phononic materials for mid-IR wavelengths, looking in particular at transition metal nitrides, transparent conducting oxides, silicides, doped semiconductors, and even newer plasmonic materials such as graphene. We also include in our survey materials with strong mid-IR phonon resonances, such as GaN, GaP, SiC, and the perovskite SrTiO 3 , all of which can support plasmon-like modes over limited wavelength ranges. We will discuss the suitability of each of these plasmonic and phononic materials, as well as the more traditional noble metals for a range of structures and applications and will discuss the potential and limitations of alternative plasmonic materials at these IR wavelengths.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of mid-infrared plasmonic materials

et al. 2015

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“…These lasers relied on direct band-to-band transitions in bulk material or analogous transition in type I quantum wells. Since the mid 1990s, lead salt and antimonide lasers have been facing competition from the quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) [38] and type II quantum-well lasers (interband cascade lasers -ICLs) [39]. Quantum-cascade lasers operate on transitions within the conduction subbands of multiple quantum wells and have been pioneered by Bell Laboratories.…”

Section: Ir Gas Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Devices And Techniques (Revision)

Rogalski

Chrzanowski

2014

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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In 2002 was published our review paper "Infrared devices and techniques" (Opto-Electronics Review, 10(2), pp. 111-136). The present paper up-date previous edition -it content has been revised and much of materials have been reorganized.The main objective of this paper is to produce an applications-oriented review covering infrared techniques and devices. At the beginning infrared systems fundamentals are presented with emphasis on thermal emission, scene radiation and contrast, cooling techniques, and optics. Special attention is focused on night vision and thermal imaging concepts. Next section concentrates shortly on selected infrared systems and is arranged in order to increase complexity; from image intensifier systems, thermal imaging systems, to space-based systems. In this section are also described active and passive smart weapon seekers. Finally, other important infrared techniques and devices are shortly described, among them being: non-contact thermometers, radiometers, LIDAR, and infrared gas sensors.

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“…Since this type of laser combines the advantages of quantum cascade (QC) lasers [2] and type-II quantum well interband lasers, type-II IC lasers were projected by simulations [3,4] to operate in continuous wave (cw) mode up to room temperature with high output power. While significant advances toward such a high-performance level have been reported [5][6][7][8][9], the optimization of the growth and fabrication parameters for these new devices is an ongoing effort. The growth by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) of these laser structures can take over 20 h to complete, with over 8 mm of strained superlattice and multi-QW material comprising the epitaxial layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%