Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in tapered chalcogenide fiber for producing octave-spanning frequency comb around 3 μm

Marandi, Alireza; Rudy, Charles W.; Плотниченко, В. Г.; Dianov, E. M.; Vodopyanov, Konstantin L.; Byer, Robert L.

doi:10.1364/oe.20.024218

Cited by 115 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Chalcogenide glasses are interesting candidates, combining as they do nonlinear refractive indices that are ~200 times greater than fused silica, high refractive indices and a transparency window that can extend out beyond λ = 10 µm. A number of different waveguide structures based on chalcogenide glasses have been reported in literature, including step-index fibers [18,19], fiber tapers [20,21] and microstructured fibers [22]. In this paper we report efficient mid-IR SC-generation at extremely low pump pulse energies (< 20 pJ) in a hybrid step-index waveguide consisting of a cylindrical chalcogenide core embedded in a silica fiber capillary ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in As_2S_3-silica “nano-spike” step-index waveguide

Granzow¹,

Schmidt²,

Chang³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

100

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Efficient generation of a broad-band mid-infrared supercontinuum spectrum is reported in an arsenic trisulphide waveguide embedded in silica. A chalcogenide "nano-spike", designed to transform the incident light adiabatically into the fundamental mode of a 2-mm-long uniform section 1 µm in diameter, is used to achieve high launch efficiencies. The nano-spike is fully encapsulated in a fused silica cladding, protecting it from the environment. Nano-spikes provide a convenient means of launching light into sub-wavelength scale waveguides. Ultrashort (65 fs, repetition rate 100 MHz) pulses at wavelength 2 µm, delivered from a Tm-doped fiber laser, are launched with an efficiency ~12% into the subwavelength chalcogenide waveguide. Soliton fission and dispersive wave generation along the uniform section result in spectral broadening out to almost 4 µm for launched energies of only 18 pJ. The spectrum generated will have immediate uses in metrology and infrared spectroscopy. in 525-1800nm range with picosecond Yb pumping," Opt. Express 13(2), 377-381 (2005). 14. J. K. Ranka, R. S. Windeler, and A. J. Stentz, "Visible continuum generation in air-silica microstructure optical fibers with anomalous dispersion at 800 nm," Opt. Lett.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in As_2S_3-silica “nano-spike” step-index waveguide

Granzow¹,

Schmidt²,

Chang³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

100

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“…In recent years, several experimental and theoretical investigations on mid-infrared SC generation were reported in ChG planar waveguides [13][14][15], ChG fibers [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], single crystal sapphire fibers [29], silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wire waveguides [30], ZBLAN fiber [31], fluoride glass [32] and germano-silicate fibers [33]. Gai et al [13] reported SC generation from 2.9 µm to 4.2 µm in dispersion-engineered As 2 S 3 glass rib waveguide (6.6 cm long) pumped with 7.5 ps duration pulses at a wavelength of 3.26 µm with a pulse peak power of around 2 kW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mφ ller et al [28] used a 18 cm long, low-loss, suspended core As 38 S 62 fiber and generated a SC spanning from 1.7 to 7.5 µm by pumping this fiber with 320 fs pulses with a peak power of 5.2 kW at a wavelength of 4.4 µm. The SC generation in As 2 S 3 fibers and waveguides has been limited to 5 µm due to their increased losses in the long wavelength region [13,17,18]. Although As 2 Se 3 chalcogenide glass has its loss edge in the long wavelength region around 16-17 µm, the use of such materials for SC generation has so far been limited owing to high peak power pump sources required in the MIR region [4,26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge_115As_24Se_645 chalcogenide channel waveguide

Karim¹,

Rahman²,

Agrawal³

2015

Opt. Express

108

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link Abstract:We numerically investigate mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) generation in dispersion-engineered, air-clad, Ge 11.5 As 24 Se 64.5 chalcogenide-glass channel waveguides employing two different materials, Ge 11.5 As 24 S 64.5 or MgF 2 glass for their lower cladding. We study the effect of waveguide parameters on the bandwidth of the SC at the output of 1-cm-long waveguide. Our results show that output can vary over a wide range depending on its design and the pump wavelength employed. At the pump wavelength of 2 µm the SC never extended beyond 4.5 µm for any of our designs. However, supercontinuum could be extended to beyond 5 µm for a pump wavelength of 3.1 µm. A broadband SC spanning from 2 µm to 6 µm and extending over 1.5 octave could be generated with a moderate peak power of 500 W at a pump wavelength of 3.1 µm using an air-clad, all-chalcogenide, channel waveguide. We show that SC can be extended even further when MgF 2 glass is used for the lower cladding of chalcogenide waveguide. Our numerical simulations produced SC spectra covering the wavelength range 1.8-7.7 µm (> two octaves) by using this geometry. Both ranges exceed the broadest SC bandwidths reported so far. Moreover, we realize it using 3.1 µm pump source and relatively low peak power pulses. By employing the same pump source, we show that SC spectra can cover a wavelength range of 1.8-11 µm (> 2.5 octaves) in a channel waveguide employing MgF 2 glass for its lower cladding with a moderate peak power of 3000 W.

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“…Shifting zero-dispersion wavelength closer to the emission line of Cr:ZnS laser will be very important for obtaining the octave-spanning supercontinuum using quite simple femtosecond Cr:ZnS oscillator as a pump source. That could be done by optimizing the core diameter or tapering the fiber 13 .…”

Section: Wavelength (Nm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercontinuum generation in mid-IR using chalcogenide and germanate nonlinear fiber

et al. 2013

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We demonstrate mid-infrared (mid-IR) supercontinuum generation with bandwidth from 2 to 2.8 μm at 20 dB below the peak in nonlinear step-index chalcogenide fiber using femtosecond mid-IR pulses directly from the oscillator. We compare the results with a supercontinuum generated in a silica-based high germanium content fiber. Supercontinuum generation occurs at 90 mW of launched average pump power that is equal to the 0.9 nJ pulse energy. The distinctive feature of the obtained supercontinuum is its stability and coherence due to the deterministic supercontinuum generation by the femtosecond pump pulses

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Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in tapered chalcogenide fiber for producing octave-spanning frequency comb around 3 μm

Cited by 115 publications

References 29 publications

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in As_2S_3-silica “nano-spike” step-index waveguide

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in As_2S_3-silica “nano-spike” step-index waveguide

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge_115As_24Se_645 chalcogenide channel waveguide

Supercontinuum generation in mid-IR using chalcogenide and germanate nonlinear fiber

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