Microwave sea ice signature modeling

Winebrenner, D. P.; Bredow, J.W.; Fung, A.K.; Drinkwater, Mark R.; Nghiem, S. V.; Gow, Anthony J.; Perovich, Donald K.; Grenfell, Thomas C.; Han, Hai‐Chao; Kong, Jin Au; Lee, Jay K.; Mudaliar, Saba; Onstott, R.G.; Tsang, Leung; West, Richard

doi:10.1029/gm068p0137

Cited by 56 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For comparison purposes with the e ective emissivities of Winebrenner et al (1992a) and Grenfell et al (1994), the snow± ice interface and ice surface temperature, respectively, is taken in equation (7) depending on whether a snow cover is present or not. It is seen from the above equations that the application of the DMRT requires the speci® cation of the background and the scatterers in each layer including the parameters particle radii a l , fractional volumes f l of the particles, scatterer (e l ) and background (e b g ) permittivities.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we want to demonstrate the capabilities of the DMRT to treat various ice types including snow cover. Second, a gap is still open concerning the ice modelling in Winebrenner et al (1992a) by means of the DMRT. It was the hope of the authors that future calculations using DMRT could help in understanding the e ect of scattering on emission especially from melt ponds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these investigations it could be shown that it represents an appropriate method for describing the electromagnetic properties of these media. To the best of our knowledge, applications to sea ice are relatively scarce and limited to multi-year ice (Winebrenner et al 1989, Winebrenner et al 1992a, b, Dierking 1992. In this paper, we therefore want to focus on di erent undeformed sea ice types in the Arctic and Antarctic, and calculate their microwave emissivities by means of the DMRT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In interpreting the signatures, physically based models are needed. Di erent microwave sea ice models are reviewed in Winebrenner et al (1992a). Since snow and sea ice represent dense media (the scattering particles such as ice grains, brine pockets or air bubbles can occupy up to 50% of the total volume) any volume scattering model should account for dense media e ects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Application of the dense medium radiative transfer theory for calculating microwave emissivities of different sea ice types

Schmidt¹,

Wauer²

1999

International Journal of Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The dense medium radiative transfer theory (DMRT) was used to calculate microwave emissivities of di erent undeformed sea ice types in the Arctic and Antarctic. The computed results were compared with measurements. More often taken for describing snow, we show that the DMRT can be applied to both sea ice and snow cover. While doing so the choice of appropriate parameters needed in the DMRT is discussed. As a result a multi-layered, uniform model for a variety of sea ice types including snow cover is obtained.

show abstract

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Application of the dense medium radiative transfer theory for calculating microwave emissivities of different sea ice types

Schmidt¹,

Wauer²

1999

International Journal of Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The solid fraction is an important variable of sea ice, affecting its thermal, 9 acoustic, 10 electromagnetic, 11 and mechanical 12 properties. It is clear from Figure 2b that the solid fraction increases rapidly once internally driven convection begins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Convection, Solute Trapping, and Channel Formation during Solidification of Saltwater

1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present new experimental results relating to the growth and evolution of sea ice. These show, in particular, that brine initially remains trapped in the interstices of the sea ice, only draining into the underlying ocean once the depth of the sea-ice layer exceeds a critical value. A general theory for convection within mushy layers is applied to develop a hypothesis for when brine drainage occurs, which is tested against the experimental results.

show abstract

Effect of Snow Salinity on CryoSat‐2 Arctic First‐Year Sea Ice Freeboard Measurements

Nandan

Geldsetzer

Yackel

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The European Space Agency's CryoSat‐2 satellite mission provides radar altimeter data that are used to derive estimates of sea ice thickness and volume. These data are crucial to understanding recent variability and changes in Arctic sea ice. Sea ice thickness retrievals at the CryoSat‐2 frequency require accurate measurements of sea ice freeboard, assumed to be attainable when the main radar scattering horizon is at the snow/sea ice interface. Using an extensive snow thermophysical property dataset from late winter conditions in the Canadian Arctic, we examine the role of saline snow on first‐year sea ice (FYI), with respect to its effect on the location of the main radar scattering horizon, its ability to decrease radar penetration depth, and its impact on FYI thickness estimates. Based on the dielectric properties of saline snow commonly found on FYI, we quantify the vertical shift in the main scattering horizon. This is found to be approximately 0.07 m. We propose a thickness‐dependent snow salinity correction factor for FYI freeboard estimates. This significantly reduces CryoSat‐2 FYI retrieval error. Relative error reductions of ~11% are found for an ice thickness of 0.95 m and ~25% for 0.7 m. Our method also helps to close the uncertainty gap between SMOS and CryoSat‐2 thin ice thickness retrievals. Our results indicate that snow salinity should be considered for FYI freeboard estimates.

show abstract

Microwave sea ice signature modeling

Cited by 56 publications

References 56 publications

Application of the dense medium radiative transfer theory for calculating microwave emissivities of different sea ice types

Application of the dense medium radiative transfer theory for calculating microwave emissivities of different sea ice types

Natural Convection, Solute Trapping, and Channel Formation during Solidification of Saltwater

Effect of Snow Salinity on CryoSat‐2 Arctic First‐Year Sea Ice Freeboard Measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About