Microwave cladding of NiCrSiC-5Al₂O₃ on austenitic stainless steel to improve cavitation erosion resistance

Abstract

The current investigation aimed to study the cavitation erosion performance of the microwave synthesized NiCrSiC-5Al 2 O 3 composite clad with a 900 W power multimode domestic microwave applicator of 2.45 GHz frequency. The clads were deposited on the austenitic grade stainless steel, namely AISI-316. The as-deposited composite clad's microstructure, crystal structure, porosity, microhardness, and flexural strength were examined. Cavitation erosion study was done using the vibratory cavitation method at varying standoff distance (SOD)-(0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm) and vibration amplitude (AMP)-(40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm), keeping other parameters constant. The results had shown that the deposited NiCrSiC-5Al 2 O 3 composite clad exhibited 1.20% porosity, 489.16±47.95 HV 0.3 microhardness, 264.91±4.5 MPa flexural strength, and performed 3.5 times much better than the AISI-316 in terms of cavitation resistance. The least weight loss occurred at 1.5 mm SOD and 40 μm AMP, where the highest weight loss was observed at 0.5 mm SOD and 60 μm AMP. The erosion mechanism of the NiCrSiC-5Al 2 O 3 composite clad surface was observed as plastic deformation followed by surface fatigue; the clad surface was eroded in the form of pits, craters, impingement marks, secondary cracks, and plastically deformed lips.

Nano TiC particles modulate wear resistance and impact toughness of 40Cr alloy steel gradient-reinforced layer fabricated by laser melting deposition

“…From figures 5(a)-(d), it can be seen that the uniformly dispersed TiC and agglomerated TiC within the reinforced layer [30]. The pores [31] appeared in the micrographs were not those produced during the laser melting deposition process, but rather a small number of defects after the use of the etching agent.…”

A study on the effect of various process parameters on low pulsed energy of laser shock peening without ablative layer on the mechanical behavior of AA 7075 T651

“…The distinguishing or identifying coefficient is denoted by z andspecified in the range zÎ [0,1], is usually set at 0.5 to give each parameter equal weight [42]. A composite grey relational grade (GRG) is subsequently produced by averaging the GRC of each answer variable, as indicated in equation (8).…”

“…x k i ) for each value of the response. Finally, equation (8) was used to calculate the GRG (g i ) by taking the average of the GRCs. The appropriate S/N ratios were calculated using the computed values of GRGs, as shown in table 8.…”

“…Usually, the wear resistance and surface microhardness of the aluminum alloys are low, and also the fatigue crack initiation and early growth dominate the surface. Therefore, some surface treatment mechanisms on the light alloys could improve the mechanical properties [8][9][10]. The surface treatment mechanisms are as follows: ball milling, cavitation, cold rolling, shot peening, ultrasonic peening, shotless peening, surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT), water jet peening and laser shock peening (LSP) [11][12][13].…”

Investigation of corrosion behavior on plastically deformed aa 7075 t651 by shot peening process

“…Sara et al evaluated the effect of shot peening process on magnesium alloy AZ31, indicating alteration in the free energy of the surface with a surge in the residual factor in turn causing an upsurge in the corrosion resistance [14,15]. Pandey et al studied the major factor affecting ultra-sonic peening of AA 7075, indicating the duration of the operation significantly contributes to the surface grain property [16].…”