Microwave Breast Imaging: Clinical Advances and Remaining Challenges

Loughlin, Declan O; Halloran, Martin O; Moloney, Brian; Glavin, Martin; Jones, Edward; Elahi, Muhammad Adnan

doi:10.1109/tbme.2018.2809541

Cited by 235 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Microwave breast imaging (MBI) has been highlighted as an exciting method for the detection of diseased breast tissue, offering a potential non-ionizing, non-compressive approach to breast cancer diagnosis [53] and monitoring the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy [54]. The potential of microwave imaging for clinical application has been researched over the last forty years [55]. Despite considerable efforts, only limited progress has been made in translating this potential into a clinically useful modality, as demonstrated by review articles from 1982 and 2016 describing microwave imaging as a "promising imaging modality" [56,57].…”

Section: Microwave Breast Imaging (Mbi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Detection—A Synopsis of Conventional Modalities and the Potential Role of Microwave Imaging

et al. 2020

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Global statistics have demonstrated that breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed invasive cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among female patients. Survival following a diagnosis of breast cancer is grossly determined by the stage of the disease at the time of initial diagnosis, highlighting the importance of early detection. Improving early diagnosis will require a multi-faceted approach to optimizing the use of currently available imaging modalities and investigating new methods of detection. The application of microwave technologies in medical diagnostics is an emerging field of research, with breast cancer detection seeing the most significant progress in the last twenty years. In this review, the application of current conventional imaging modalities is discussed, and recurrent shortcomings highlighted. Microwave imaging is rapid and inexpensive. If the preliminary results of its diagnostic capacity are substantiated, microwave technology may offer a non-ionizing, non-invasive, and painless adjunct or stand-alone modality that could possibly be implemented in routine diagnostic breast care. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, B.M.M., D.O.'L, S.A.E., and M.J.K.; writing-original draft preparation, B.M.M., D.O.'L and S.A.E., writing-review and editing, B.M.M., D.O.'L, S.A.E., and M.J.K.; supervision, M.J.K.; funding acquisition, M.J.K.; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Section: Microwave Breast Imaging (Mbi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Detection—A Synopsis of Conventional Modalities and the Potential Role of Microwave Imaging

et al. 2020

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“…For instance, the maximum SAR described in the IEEE C 95.1:1999 guidelines are 1.6 W/kg for an average mass of 1 g, whereas in the standard ICNIRP, is specified as 2 W/kg for an average mass of 10 g. Whenever a near field system is designed for biomedical applications, radiation exposure is a matter of concern. It is well documented in the literature that the use of microwave imaging modalities represents a safe imaging technique. However, these studies were based on plane‐waves illumination .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SAR analysis of directive antenna on anatomically real breast phantoms for microwave holography

Kumari

Sheoran

Kanumuri

2019

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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Microwave holography utilizes antennae for the detection of cancerous tissues in the human breast. The safety assessment of an antenna is required prior to its radiation interaction with biological tissues. In this work, a specially designed and developed Vivaldi antenna with directivity at 45° for microwave holographic imaging has been presented. A detailed simulation of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and thermal analysis due to the radiation exposure of the designed antenna on self‐designed anatomically real breast phantoms is performed in CST environment. SAR values for 3D printed breast phantoms are also calculated experimentally. The quantitative results of SAR reveal the variation of ±10% in between the simulation and experimental results. It has been found that SAR due to the radiation of the designed antenna lies in the permissible limit. The thermal analysis in CST shows the rise of 0.096% in temperature after the exposure of 2 hours. Hence, the antenna can be used in microwave holography for breast cancer detection.

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“…Another promising modality for cancer diagnosis and recurrence monitoring is microwave imaging in view of its safety, mobility, and cost-effectiveness [2]. For example, a number of operational microwave breast imaging systems are already in clinical use [3]- [7] as reviewed in [8]. A major challenge faced by this approach is the potentially small dielectric contrast between tumor and its surrounding tissues, and between benign and cancerous changes [9]- [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosensing-by-Learning Direct Targeting Strategy for Enhanced Tumor Sensitization

Chen

Ali

Shi

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans.on Nanobioscience

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Objective: We propose a novel iterative-optimizationinspired direct targeting strategy (DTS) for smart nanosystems, which harness swarms of externally manipulable nanoswimmers assembled by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for knowledgeaided tumor sensitization and targeting. We aim to demonstrate through computational experiments that the proposed DTS can significantly enhance the accumulation of MNPs in the tumor site, which serve as a contrast agent in various medical imaging modalities, by using the shortest possible physiological routes and with minimal systemic exposure.Methods: The epicenter of a tumor corresponds to the global maximum of an externally measurable objective function associated with an in vivo tumor-triggered biophysical gradient; the domain of the objective function is the tissue region at a high risk of malignancy; swarms of externally controllable magnetic nanoswimmers for tumor sensitization are modeled as the guess inputs. The objective function may be resulted from a passive phenomenon such as reduced blood flow or increased kurtosis of microvasculature due to tumor angiogenesis; otherwise, the objective function may involve an active phenomenon such as the fibrin formed during the coagulation cascade activated by tumortargeted "activator" nanoparticles. Subsequently, the DTS can be interpreted from the iterative optimization perspective: guess inputs (i.e., swarms of nanoswimmers) are continuously updated according to the gradient of the objective function in order to find the optimum (i.e., tumor) by moving through the domain (i.e., tissue under screening). Along this line of thought, we propose the computational model based on the gradient descent (GD) iterative method to describe the GD-inspired DTS, which takes into account the realistic in vivo propagation scenario of nanoswimmers.Results: By means of computational experiments, we show that the GD-inspired DTS yields higher probabilities of tumor sensitization and more significant dose accumulation compared to the "brute-force" search, which corresponds to the systemic targeting scenario where drug nanoparticles attempt to target a tumor by enumerating all possible pathways in the complex vascular network.Conclusion: The knowledge-aided DTS has potential to enhance the tumor sensitization and targeting performance remarkably by exploiting the externally measurable, tumor-triggered biophysical gradients.Significance: We believe that this work motivates a novel biosensing-by-learning framework facilitated by externally manipulable, smart nanosystems.

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Microwave Breast Imaging: Clinical Advances and Remaining Challenges

Abstract: This study seeks to define the current state of the art in microwave breast imaging, and identify suitable design characteristics for ease of clinical use.

Cited by 235 publications

References 66 publications

Breast Cancer Detection—A Synopsis of Conventional Modalities and the Potential Role of Microwave Imaging

Breast Cancer Detection—A Synopsis of Conventional Modalities and the Potential Role of Microwave Imaging

SAR analysis of directive antenna on anatomically real breast phantoms for microwave holography

Biosensing-by-Learning Direct Targeting Strategy for Enhanced Tumor Sensitization

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