Microwave-assisted extraction of decabromodiphenylether from polymers

Recent developments in the analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polybrominated biphenyls in plastic

“…MAE has the advantage of lower solvent consumption, which lowers the cost and makes the procedure more environment friendly (Chan et al 2011). For example, rapid extraction of deca-BDE from plastic was achieved by using MAE with binary solvents (toluene:methanol = 75:25, v/v) (Ranz et al 2008). The MAE provides an efficient, fast, and low solvent-consuming method compared with Soxhlet extraction.…”

“…The LC-UV method has advantages of low cost and simplicity of instrumentation, and thus was developed for the determination of PBDEs and PBBs in plastic (Pöhlein et al 2005, Ranz et al 2008). However, it suffers from poor selectivity, which limits the application on the analysis of complex samples.…”

Fast and eco‐friendly synthesis of novel soluble thermally stable poly(amide‐imide)s modified with siloxane linkage with reduced dielectric constant under microwave irradiation in TBAB, TBPB and MeBuImCl via isocyanate method

“…A large number of reactions, including polymerization reactions were studied under microwave heating. It reduces reaction times, increase product yields, produce narrow molar mass distributions for polymers, and enhance product purities and selectivity by reducing unwanted side reactions 24–36. Thus, combining the advantages associated with the green solvent aspect of NVOSs with microwave heating can afford a fast and eco‐friendly technique for the production of polymers 37–40…”

Direct detection of brominated flame retardants from plastic e‐waste using liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry

“…Efforts are being made to develop ways of screening material prior to recycling or removing BFRs from the plastic during the recycling process. Numerous methods for screening brominated compounds within polymeric material have been described, often requiring digestion and fractionation of the crude extracts, followed by chromatographic separation such as gas and liquid chromatography coupled to various detectors . Recent developments in plastic surface coating analysis employing the ambient ionisation technique liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry (LESA‐MS) allows for high‐throughput robotic sampling in combination with a sensitive nanoelectrospray ionisation .…”

“…Numerous methods for screening brominated compounds within polymeric material have been described, often requiring digestion and fractionation of the crude extracts, followed by chromatographic separation such as gas and liquid chromatography coupled to various detectors. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Recent developments in plastic surface coating analysis employing the ambient ionisation technique liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry (LESA-MS) allows for high-throughput robotic sampling in combination with a sensitive nanoelectrospray ionisation. [43] Application of this technique represents a promising alternative for directing e-waste streams for recycling as it does not require any sample preparation and, when quantitation is not necessary, can be used without chromatographic separation.…”