Microvascular invasion in small hepatocellular carcinoma: Is it predictable with preoperative diffusion‐weighted imaging?

Abstract

Lower ADC values (< 1.227 × 10(-3) mm(2) /s) on DWI with b-value of 0.500 s/mm(2) can be a useful preoperative predictor of MVI for small HCCs.

Efficacy of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Washout Rate in Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Differentiation

“…Pre-operative prediction of differentiation could allow appropriate patient selection for surgery. However, the risk of tumor seeding during liver biopsy has discouraged this approach, and many studies have tried to identify pre-operative clinical, imaging or serum predictors of differentiation (Chandarana et al 2011;Chou et al 2012;Fidelman and Qayyum 2012;Kim et al 2012;Ma et al 2013;Esnaola et al 2002;Pawlik et al 2005;Ren et al 2006;Suh et al 2012;Xu et al 2014). Non-invasive prediction of differentiation with CEUS may be useful in providing some prognostic implications, such as recurrence and microvascular invasion.…”

“…Poorly differentiated tumor, large tumor size, macrovascular invasion and microvascular invasion are independent predictors of poor survival and tumor recurrence after hepatectomy and transplantation (Jun et al 2012;Ma et al 2013;Marelli et al 2008;Pawlik et al 2005;Rodriguez-Peralvarez et al 2013;Wayne et al 2002;Xu et al 2014;Zhao et al 2012). Pre-operative assessment of the differentiation grade could help in predicting prognosis, allowing appropriate patient selection for liver resection or transplant allocation.…”

How reader perception of capsule affects interpretation of washout in hypervascular liver nodules in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma

“…One important discordance between the systems is with regard to “capsule”; both the Liver Imaging‐Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) and Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) systems consider capsule (termed “capsule appearance” in LI‐RADS) to be a major feature of HCC. However, the American Association for the Study of Liver disease (AASLD) and European Society for the Study of Liver Disease (EASL) do not use this feature in their diagnostic systems . In fact, the terminology of capsule vs. pseudocapsule is debated, since this imaging finding has been correlated with different histopathological findings, including a fibrous capsule and compressed nontumorous liver parenchyma …”

Hepatobiliary Quiz (Answers)—16 (2015)

“…However, macrovascular invasion is often seen as a malignant thrombus, and precludes transplantation as well as locoregional therapies. [8][9][10] Portal vein invasion is more common, though hepatic veins may also be involved.…”