Microvascular density and mast cells in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas

Białas, Magdalena; Dyduch, Grzegorz; Szpor, Joanna; Demczuk, Sergiusz; Okoń, Krzysztof

doi:10.5114/pjp.2012.32770

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…VEGF-C and VEGF-D seem to be less involved in the vascularization of PCC. As we have stated in a previous study, mast cells also participate in vessel formation in PCC [32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Study of Microvessel Density and the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors in Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytomas

Białas

Dyduch

Dudała

et al. 2014

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Angiogenesis (neoangiogenesis), a process of neovascularization, is an essential step for local tumor growth and distant metastasis formation. We have analysed angiogenesis status: vascular architecture, microvessel density, and vascular endothelial growth factors expression in 62 adrenal pheochromocytomas: 57 benign and 5 malignant. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed that vascular architecture and vessel density are different in the central and subcapsular areas of the tumor. Furthermore, we have observed a strong correlation between number of macrophages and microvessel density in the central and subcapsular areas of the tumor and between the expression of VEGF-A in tumor cells and microvessel density in central and subcapsular areas of the tumor. Secondary changes in these tumors influence the results and both vascular architecture and microvessel density are markedly disturbed by hemorrhagic and cystic changes in pheochromocytomas. These changes are partially caused by laparoscopic operation technique. However, no differences in vascular parameters were found between pheochromocytomas with benign and malignant clinical behavior. Our observation showed that analysis of angiogenesis, as a single feature, does not help in differentiating malignant and benign pheochromocytomas and has no independent prognostic significance. On the other hand, high microvessel density in pheochromocytoma is a promising factor for antiangiogenic therapy in malignant cases.

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“…VEGF-C and VEGF-D seem to be less involved in the vascularization of PCC. As we have stated in a previous study, mast cells also participate in vessel formation in PCC [32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Study of Microvessel Density and the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors in Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytomas

Białas

Dyduch

Dudała

et al. 2014

International Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Indeed, these cells are known to favor immunologic tolerance and secrete both growth and angiogenic factors which enhance tumor expansion [74][75][76]. Notably, a positive effect of mast cells has been observed on growth of endocrine neoplasias, including neuroendocrine tumors of thyroid, pancreas, and adrenal (pheochromocytomas) [77][78][79]. In 1985, Aiba et al detected for the first time mast cell infiltration in an adrenocortical tumor producing deoxycorticosterone [80].…”

Section: Mast Cells In Pathophysiology Of Hyperaldosteronismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mast Cells in the Control of Aldosterone Secretion

et al. 2020

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Mast cells are immune cells present in adrenals from various species. Proliferation and activation of adrenal mast cells seem to be influenced by environment, since they increase during summer and in response to sodium restriction in frogs and mouse, respectively. Although the physiological factors regulating adrenal mast cell activity have not been identified, they might involve neurotransmitters and the renin-angiotensin system. Some data indicate that adrenal mast cells stimulate proliferation of steroidogenic cells in the zona glomerulosa and activate the mineralocorticoid production. In human, mast cell degranulation stimulates aldosterone synthesis through the release of serotonin (5-HT) and activation of 5-HT4 receptors. Increase in mast cell population and upregulation of the 5-HT signaling pathway occur in aldosterone-producing adenomas. In particular, aldosterone-producing adenoma cells overexpress 5-HT4 receptors and are hyper-responsive to 5-HT4 receptor agonists. These data suggest that the intra-adrenal serotonergic regulatory system represents a potential target for development of both adrenal imaging methods to evaluate the lateralization of aldosterone production, and pharmacological treatments of primary aldosteronism.

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“…They are found associated with connective tissue throughout the body, particularly in locations that are in close contact with the external environment [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Mast cells have been shown to be associated with blood vessels and they accumulate near sites of new capillary formation, such as in atherosclerosis, hemangioma development, and tumorigenesis [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Notably, mast cell accumulation is correlated with increased neovascularization, tumor aggressiveness, and metastatic spread [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast Cells Interact with Endothelial Cells to Accelerate In Vitro Angiogenesis

Souza

Mazucato

Santana

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Angiogenesis is a complex process that involves interactions between endothelial cells and various other cell types as well as the tissue microenvironment. Several previous studies have demonstrated that mast cells accumulate at angiogenic sites. In spite of the evidence suggesting a relationship between mast cells and angiogenesis, the association of mast cells and endothelial cells remains poorly understood. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between mast cells and endothelial cells during in vitro angiogenesis. When endothelial cells were co-cultured with mast cells, angiogenesis was stimulated. Furthermore, there was direct intercellular communication via gap junctions between the two cell types. In addition, the presence of mast cells stimulated endothelial cells to release angiogenic factors. Moreover, conditioned medium from the co-cultures also stimulated in vitro angiogenesis. The results from this investigation demonstrate that mast cells have both direct and indirect proangiogenic effects and provide new insights into the role of mast cells in angiogenesis.

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Microvascular density and mast cells in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Study of Microvessel Density and the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors in Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytomas

Study of Microvessel Density and the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors in Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytomas

Role of Mast Cells in the Control of Aldosterone Secretion

Mast Cells Interact with Endothelial Cells to Accelerate In Vitro Angiogenesis

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