Microtensile Bond Strength of a Resin Cement to Silica‐Based and Y‐TZP Ceramics Using Different Surface Treatments

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of different surface treatments on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of bonding between resin cement and lithia or zirconia-based ceramics using an in vitro study. Materials and Methods: Three zirconia ceramic blocks (IPS e.max ZirCAD) and three lithium disilicate ceramic blocks (IPS e.max CAD) were sintered and duplicated in resin composite. The zirconia specimens underwent various treatments (n = 1): (i) Sandblast + primer (ZiSa); (ii) sandblast + laser irradiation + primer (ZiSaLa); or (iii) laser irradiation + primer (ZiLa). The lithium disilicate specimens also underwent various treatments: (i) sandblast + HF + silane (LiSaE); (ii) sandblast + silane (LiSa); or (iii) sandblast + laser irradiation + silane (LiSaLa). The ceramic-composite blocks were cemented with resin cement and cut to produce bars with approx. 1 mm 2 bonding areas. The specimens were thermocycled, and bond strength tests were performed in a universal testing machine. The fracture type was determined by observing the fractured surface under a stereomicroscope. The mean bond strengths of the specimens were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's tests (α = 0.05). Results: Mean comparison of the μTBS showed no significant difference between LiSaE and LiSa (p > 0.05), but significant differences between LiSaE and other groups (p ࣘ 0.01). No significant differences were found between the ZiSaLa and ZiSa groups (p > 0.05). The modes of failure in all groups were mostly adhesive (57% to 80%). The mean bond strengths in laser-irradiated ceramics were significantly lower than those from other surface treatments. All ZiLa specimens debonded before testing (pretest failure). Conclusions: Lithium disilicate ceramic surface treated with a combination of sandblasting and silane application provided a bond strength comparable to that provided by sandblasting in combination with acid etching and applying silane. Groups treated with laser irradiation had significantly lower bond strengths than other groups.Increasing esthetic demands have resulted in full ceramic restorations receiving considerable attention in contemporary cosmetic dentistry. The popularity of these restorations is increasing, due to their desirable esthetics and metal-free nature.

Adhesion behavior of conventional and high‐translucent zirconia: Effect of surface conditioning methods and aging using an experimental methodology

“…Due to their reduced size and fragility, loss of specimens during processing is very common, a problem described in the literature as pretest failure . Allied to this, when specimens are made of a more resistant material, such as zirconia, the cutting of the specimens becomes even slower and more difficult, usually leading to a greater loss of specimens, rendering the complete analysis of the data unreachable …”

“…46,47 Allied to this, when specimens are made of a more resistant material, such as zirconia, the cutting of the specimens becomes even slower and more difficult, usually leading to a greater loss of specimens, rendering the complete analysis of the data unreachable. [48][49][50] To simulate the aging of the bonded interface, thermocycling has been suggested as an effective method. 9,38,51 In addition to the powerful hydrolytic mechanism of water, the thermal cycles allow expansion and contraction of the materials involved, generating fatigue at the interface that could interfere with the adhesion values.…”

Influence of Primers and Additional Resin Layer on Zirconia Repair Bond Strength

“…This silica layer was not bonded or firmly attached to the zirconia surface, compromising durable adhesive joints. 12 Several surface treatments, such as laser irradiation 11,13 and hot chemical etching, 14 have been explored to increase resin to zirconia bond strength. Although air particle abrasion continues to be a simple and effective method with strengthening effect, a weakening effect on zirconia strength has been reported.…”

Influência do tratamento da superfície interna da cerâmica sob diferentes parâmetros de irradiação com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG

“…Devido à ausência de componentes vítreos na cerâmica cristalina, a adesão à zircônia não pode ser obtida por técnicas convencionais de corrosão com ácido fluorídrico. (21,29,31,32,38) Foi assim que muitas estratégias foram desenvolvidas para alterar a superfície da zircônia provocando rugosidade, o que aumenta a superfície de ligação. (3,9,29,34,36,37) Os testes que medem a força de adesão são muito importantes na realização de pesquisas em Odontologia, pois eles permitem determinar a eficácia de uma técnica adesiva para, posteriormente, serem avaliados por meio de ensaios clínicos controlados.…”

“…A baixa eficiência dos ácidos para gerar microrretencões na cerâmica com alto teor de cristais e e os valores insatisfatórios do jateamento provocaram a busca de novas alternativas que melhorem a força de adesão à zircônia. (38) As pesquisas determinaram a necessidade de reforçar a retenção micromecânica com ligações químicas a fim de obter melhores valores de adesão. Outras investigações determinaram que a presença de MDP na composição do cimento resinoso melhora a força de união e que a porcentagem de compostos inorgânicos é importante para favorecer a resistência à hidrólise.…”