Microstructures and Properties of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidized Ti Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) for Bio-implant Application

Kumari, Renu; Blawert, Carsten; Majumdar, Jyotsna Dutta

doi:10.1007/s11661-015-3256-y

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…According to Mashtalyar et al [54], it presents a more hydrophobic behavior, in accordance with the previously cited properties. This behavior could be explained by the increase in the roughness, with the presence of a large number of pores of greater size, and TiO 2 crystals quantity in the coatings, those crystals encourage the development of hydroxyl radical groups (−OH) on the surface, increasing the hydrogen bonding formations with water molecules [55][56][57]. Several studies have demonstrated that hydrophilic surfaces are more efficient for cells to attach than hydrophobic surfaces [58,59].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Eli Alloy Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Santos

Castro

Baldin

et al. 2022

Metals

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The additive manufacturing (AM) technique can produce Ti-6Al-4V ELI (extra low interstitial) alloy for personalized biomedical devices. However, the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy presents poor tribological behavior. Regarding this, coatings are a feasible approach to improve the wear resistance of this alloy. In the literature, the tribological behavior of TiO2 coatings incorporated with Ca and P formed by one-step plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) on Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy processed by AM has not been investigated. Thus, in the present work, it was studied the influence of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy processed by AM on the wear resistance and morphologic of the coating obtained by PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation). In this way, three different voltages (200, 250, and 300 V) were employed for the PEO process and the voltage effect on the properties of the coatings. The coatings were characterized by contact profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, the sessile drop method, grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction, and wear tests, on a ball-on-plate tribometer. The increase in applied voltage promoted an increase in roughness, pore area, and a decrease in the pore population of the coatings. In addition, the coatings, mainly composed of anatase and rutile, showed good adhesion to the metallic substrate, and the presence of bioactive elements Ca and P were detected. The thickness of the coatings obtained by PEO increases drastically for voltages higher than 250 V (from 4.50 ± 0.33 to 23.83 ± 1.5 µm). However, coatings obtained with lower voltages presented thin and dense layers, which promoted a superior wear resistance (increase in wear rate from 1.99 × 10−6 to 2.60 × 10−5 mm3/s). Finally, compared to the uncoated substrate, the PEO coatings increased the wear resistance of the titanium alloy obtained by AM, also showing a superior wear resistance compared to the commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy previously evaluated, being such a positive and promising behavior for application in the area of metallic implants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Eli Alloy Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Santos

Castro

Baldin

et al. 2022

Metals

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“…Therefore, comparisons of refs. [ 24 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 40 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ] have been identified by a mixed review of GNS-doped hydroxyapatite coatings and surface coatings made with PEO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Properties of Graphene Functionalized TiO2/nHA Hybrid Coatings Made on Ti6Al7Nb Alloys via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)

et al. 2021

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Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)-matrix coatings containing graphene nanosheets (GNS)-nHA were coated on Ti6Al7Nb alloys by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treatment for the improvement of their surface properties. Crystallographic properties, functional groups, and elemental analysis of coatings were characterized by XRD, ATR–FTIR, and EDS analysis. Surface morphological changes of the coated surfaces were investigated by AFM and SEM. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the coatings was examined by using the potentiodynamic scanning (PDS) tests under in-vitro conditions in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results showed that the GNS was successfully deposited in ceramic matrix coatings on Ti6Al7Nb alloys. Also, the microstructural observations revealed that the coatings have a porous and rough structure. The XRD and ATR–FTIR quantitative analysis have proved the appearance of HA and GNS in the coating layers. An increase in the coating thickness, surface hardness, and anatase/rutile transformation rate was determined, while the GNS ratio in the coating layers was increased. The microhardness of the nHA coating reinforced with 1.5 wt% GNS was measured at 862 HV, which was significantly higher than that of GNS-free (only nHA) coating (584 HV). The best in-vitro resistance to corrosion in SBF was observed in the nHA/1.5GNS wt% coating.

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“…The formation of pores is typically associated with PEO as a result of the discharges with posterior microchannel formation [20]. No significant differences in the coatings treated with solution 2 were observed, as showed in Figure 1(a) and Figure 1(d).…”

Section: Semmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Calcium phosphates mimic the behavior of hydroxyapatite in bone regeneration, and they were formed due to the presence of these components in the electrolytic solution of PEO [9]. Also, it has exhibited excellent corrosion protection in simulated physiological solutions [20]. Other studies have reported the presence of titanium dioxide in rutile phase in similar coatings, this phase is desirable for its stability and corrosive properties [23,24].…”

Section: Xrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

EIS, Mott Schottky and EFM analysis of the electrochemical stability and dielectric properties of Ca-P-Ag and Ca-P-Si-Ag coatings obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation in Ti6Al4V

Leal-Marin

Estupiñán-Duran

2017

Rev. Fac. Ing. Univ. Antioquia

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Ti6Al4V ELI (ASTM F136) alloy is one of the most used alloys in devices for osteosynthesis and joint replacement. However, the properties of this alloy can be improved regarding biocompatibility and the osteointegration with the bone tissue through coatings. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the electrochemical behavior of a coating obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation on Ti6Al4V ELI, using electrolyte solutions enriched with PO 4 2-, Ca +2, Si +4 ions and various concentrations of Ag +1. The coatings were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott-Schottky (M-S) in a three-electrode cell with a simulated physiological solution. The electrochemical behavior was compared with electrostatic force microscopy (EFM). The EIS results showed improved stability properties in corrosion for Ca-P-Ag coatings, compared with Ca-P-Si-Ag. Nyquist and Bode Spectra showed relaxations related to charge transference to the double electrochemical layer and the reflex of the microstructural changes and conductivity of the coating given by its composition. According to with M-S results, all the samples showed an n-type conductivity increased with silver inclusion. The potential, the phase, and amplitude of the coatings with silver inclusion compared to uncoated Ti6Al4V were observed by EFM. RESUMEN:El Ti6Al4V ELI (ASTM F136) es una de las aleaciones más empleadas en dispositivos de osteosíntesis y reemplazo articular. Sin embargo, las propiedades de esta aleación pueden ser mejoradas respecto a su biocompatibilidad y osteointegración con el tejido óseo a través de recubrimientos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el comportamiento electroquímico de un recubrimiento obtenido por oxidación por plasma electrolítico sobre Ti6Al4V ELI empleando soluciones electrolíticas enriquecidas con iones de PO 4 2-, Ca +2 , Si +4 y varias concentraciones de Ag +1. Los recubrimientos se caracterizaron mediante espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica (EIS) y Mott-Schottky (M-S) en una celda de tres electrodos con una solución fisiológica simulada. El comportamiento electroquímico se contrastó con microscopía de fuerza electrostática (EFM), donde se analizó el potencial eléctrico del recubrimiento. Los resultados de EIS mostraron mejores propiedades de estabilidad frente a la corrosión en los sustratos recubiertos con Ca-P-Ag, comparados con los recubiertos con Ca-P-Si-Ag. Los espectros de Nyquist y Bode mostraron relajaciones relacionadas con la transferencia de carga hacia la doble capa electroquímica como reflejo de los cambios microestructurales y de conductividad de los recubrimientos, dada por la presencia particular en cada caso, de los elementos contenidos en estos. De acuerdo con los resultados de M-S, todas las muestras ensayadas presentaron un comportamiento con dopado tipo n, cuya conductividad incrementó con la inclusión de plata. Mediante EFM se observaron mayores contrastes en el potencial, fase y la amplitud de los recubrimientos con mayor cantidad de plata respecto al Ti6Al...

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Microstructures and Properties of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidized Ti Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) for Bio-implant Application

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Wear Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Eli Alloy Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Wear Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Eli Alloy Processed by Additive Manufacturing

Surface Properties of Graphene Functionalized TiO2/nHA Hybrid Coatings Made on Ti6Al7Nb Alloys via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)

EIS, Mott Schottky and EFM analysis of the electrochemical stability and dielectric properties of Ca-P-Ag and Ca-P-Si-Ag coatings obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation in Ti6Al4V

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