Microstructure of heat-treated PAN nanofibers

Sadrjahani, Mehdi; Ravandi, Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini

doi:10.1007/s12221-013-1276-z

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…When the temperature of 60 °C was evaluated, some fibers started to melt, as displayed in Figure (b). Therefore, bonding and crosslinking structures between the nanofibers were formed and gradually enhanced with increasing temperature . The PU–PCL nanofibers at 70 °C are shown in Figure (c); they exhibited a uniform fiber diameter, narrow pore size distribution, and rough surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Polydimethylsiloxane‐modified polyurethane–poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) nanofibrous membranes for waterproof, breathable applications

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, we prepared polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-modified polyurethane-poly(E-caprolactone) nanofibrous membranes with excellent waterproof, breathable performances via an electrospinning technique. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and mechanical testing were used to characterize the morphologies and properties of the composite nanofibers. The fiber diameter and porous structure of the membranes were regulated by the adjustment of the temperatures of thermal treatment and the PDMS concentrations. The fibrous membranes obtained at a typical temperature of 70 8C possessed an optimized fibrous structure with a diameter of 514 6 2 nm, a pore size of 0.55-0.65 mm, and a porosity of 77.7%. The resulting nanofibrous membranes modified with 5 wt % PDMS were endowed with good waterproof properties (water contact angle 5 141 6 18, hydrostatic pressure 5 73.6 kPa) and a high breathability (air permeability rate 5 6.57 L m 22 s 21 , water vapor transmission rate 5 9.03 kg m 22 day 21 ). Meanwhile, the membranes exhibited robust mechanical properties with a high strength (breakage stress 5 11.7 MPa) and excellent thermal stability. This suggests that they would be promising candidates for waterproof, breathable applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Polydimethylsiloxane‐modified polyurethane–poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) nanofibrous membranes for waterproof, breathable applications

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…As a result, crystallization of the fiber improved. [52][53][54] Herein, the temperature most probably affects the crystalline structure and pore size ( Figure 5) of the PAN membranes which may reduce the water permeability. It was found that water absorption rate decreased with an increased crystallinity of the polymer.…”

Section: Filtration Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibrous Membranes for Point‐of‐Use Water and Air Cleaning

Roche

Yalçinkaya

2019

ChemistryOpen

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Novel electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes were prepared by using heat‐press lamination under various conditions. The air permeability and the burst‐pressure tests were run to select the membranes for point‐of‐use air and water cleaning. Membrane characterization was performed by using scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, and average pore size measurements. Selected membranes were used for both air dust filtration and cross‐flow water filtration tests. Air dust filter results indicated that electrospun PAN nanofibrous membranes showed very high air‐dust filtration efficiency of more than 99.99 % in between PM0.3 and PM2.5, whereas cross‐flow filtration test showed very high water permeability over 600 L/(m2hbar) after 6 h of operation. Combining their excellent efficiency and water permeability, these membranes offer an ideal solution to filter both air and water pollutants.

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“…The tensile stress elevated obviously from 6.3 to 14.8 MPa, and the Young's modulus enlarged from 125 to 268 MPa at the same time. The increased fiber diameter and formation of interfiber bonding played the key role in bearing more load . Although the tensile stress still increased when PVB content exceeded 20 wt%, the strain of the PVdF/PVB NFM cut down on the contrary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increased fiber diameter and formation of interfiber bonding played the key role in bearing more load. [22,23] Although the tensile stress still increased when PVB content exceeded 20 wt%, the strain of the PVdF/PVB NFM cut down on the con trary. This resulted from the fact that large physically bonded structure made the membranes become less flexible due to their interfused and entangled nanofibers.…”

Section: Mechanical Property Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvinyl Butyral Modified Polyvinylidene Fluoride Breathable–Waterproof Nanofibrous Membranes with Enhanced Mechanical Performance

Zhang

Sheng

Yin

et al. 2016

Macro Materials & Eng

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beings. Breathable and waterproof membranes are the core functional layer of the breathable barrier fabrics. [1,2] Generally, the commercial breathable and waterproof membranes are classified roughly into two types: hydro philic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nonporous mem branes and microporous membranes. Hydrophilic TPU membranes can provide good waterproofness due to their nonporous structure, but its poor moisture transmittance (4 kg m −2 d −1 ) made the wearer uncomfortable. [3] Micro porous membranes use a size exclusion theory to prevent large water droplet from penetrating and permit moisture to transport through porous structure at the same time.As one representative of typical microporous membranes, polytetrafluoroethylene superhydrophobic membranes exhibited good water resistance and modest moisture penetrability (6.3 kg m −2 d −1 ) owing to their clearly visible system of holes and interconnected passageways. [4] These two kinds of breathable-waterproof membranes were Electrospun nanofibrous membranes with outstanding mechanical property, breathability, and waterproofness are critical in protective fields; however, great challenges still remain in creating such functional materials. A novel polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF)/polyvinyl butyral (PVB) breathable-waterproof membrane with robust mechanical performance is fabricated by introducing thermal posttreatment into electrospun membranes. Embedding of PVB enriches the pristine PVdF nanofibrous membranes with bonded network, optimized pore size, and porosity. The composite membranes are endowed with robust tensile stress of 10.5 MPa and good breaking elongation of 64.5%, which are about four times that of the pure nonbonded PVdF membranes. Apart from this, the bonded PVdF/PVB membranes express integrated properties of high water vapor transmittance rate (10.6 kg m −2 d −1 ), modest air permeability (9.8 mm s −1 ), and good waterproofness (58 kPa). Furthermore, the conveni ence and efficient of this fabrication process will allow for largescale production of PVdF/PVB breathable-waterproof nanofibrous membranes with robust mechanical perfor mance and board applications.

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Microstructure of heat-treated PAN nanofibers

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Polydimethylsiloxane‐modified polyurethane–poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) nanofibrous membranes for waterproof, breathable applications

Polydimethylsiloxane‐modified polyurethane–poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) nanofibrous membranes for waterproof, breathable applications

Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibrous Membranes for Point‐of‐Use Water and Air Cleaning

Polyvinyl Butyral Modified Polyvinylidene Fluoride Breathable–Waterproof Nanofibrous Membranes with Enhanced Mechanical Performance

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