Microstructure fibres for optical sensing in gases and liquids

Fini, John M.

doi:10.1088/0957-0233/15/6/011

Cited by 261 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…7,14 LPFGs can thus be used for biochemical sensing based on the evanescent-wave detection principle. [151][152][153][154][155] As shown in Fig. 21, a promising biochemical sensor based on a LPFG written in a PCF by a CO 2 laser has been demonstrated to detect the average thickness of a layer of biomolecules within a few nm.…”

Section: F Biochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Wang

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

220

134

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This paper presents a systematic review of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) written by the CO2 laser irradiation technique. First, various fabrication techniques based on CO2 laser irradiations are demonstrated to write LPFGs in different types of optical fibers such as conventional glass fibers, solid-core photonic crystal fibers, and air-core photonic bandgap fibers. Second, possible mechanisms, e.g., residual stress relaxation, glass structure changes, and physical deformation, of refractive index modulations in the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are analyzed. Third, asymmetrical mode coupling, resulting from single-side laser irradiation, is discussed to understand unique optical properties of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs. Fourthly, several pretreament and post-treatment techniques are proposed to enhance the efficiency of grating fabrications. Fifthly, sensing applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based temperature, strain, bend, torsion, pressure, and biochemical sensors. Finally, communication applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based band-rejection filters, gain equalizers, polarizers, and couplers.

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Section: F Biochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Wang

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

220

134

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“…In index guiding (IG), PCF has sustained superior refractive index than the cladding region with a solid core [4,5]. In addition, light is instructed by photonic band gap principle with a large air core in PBG PCF [6]. In 1996, Knight et al [7] first fabricated a range implementation of PCF sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a porous cored hexagonal photonic crystal fiber based optical sensor with high relative sensitivity for lower operating wavelength

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this article, highly sensitive and low confinement loss enriching micro structured photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has been suggested as an optical sensor. The proposed PCF is porous cored hexagonal (P-HPCF) where cladding contains five layers with circular air holes and core vicinity is formed by two layered elliptical air holes. Two fundamental propagation characteristics such as the relative sensitivity and confinement loss of the proposed P-HPCF have been numerically scrutinized by the full vectorial finite element method (FEM) simulation procedure. The optimized values are modified with different geometrical parameters like diameters of circular or elliptical air holes, pitches of the core, and cladding region over a spacious assortment of wavelength from 0.8 m to 1.8 m. All pretending results exhibit that the relative sensitivity is enlarged according to decrement of wavelength of the transmission band (O+E+S+C+L+U). In addition, all useable liquids reveal the maximum sensitivity of 57.00%, 57.18%, and 57.27% for n=1.33, 1.354, and 1.366 respectively by lower band. Moreover, effective area, nonlinear coefficient, frequency, propagation constant, total electric energy, total magnetic energy, and wave number in free space of the proposed P-HPCF have been reported recently.

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“…The PCF attracts the researchers due to its unique features and noble optical characteristics such as high birefringence, high nonlinearity, the endlessly single mode, flexible chromatic dispersion and the wider design space, and also its vast area applications of communication and sensing devices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The design flexibility of PCF fascinates us to design PCF based gas sensors for chemical and biological sensing compared with conventional fibers [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of the sensitivity of gas sensor based on microstructure optical fiber

2015

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This paper proposes the design and characterization of microstructure optical fiber for gas sensing applications. The aim is to detect toxic and colorless gases over a wide transmission band covering 0.80 m to 2.00 m wavelength. Numerical investigation is carried out by using the finite element method (FEM). The numerical study shows that sensitivity of the proposed sensor is moderately increased by introducing four non-circular holes around the defected core of photonic crystal fiber and the confinement loss is also reduced. Furthermore, we confirm that increasing the diameter of central air core and size of the non-circular holes can improve the relative sensitivity and the confinement loss is reduced by increasing the diameter of air holes in the cladding. The enhancement of the relative sensitivity is more than 27.58% (0.1323 to 0.1688) at the wavelength =1.33m that is the absorption line of methane (CH 4 ) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) gases. The confinement loss of the fiber is 1.765×10 8 dB/m.

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Microstructure fibres for optical sensing in gases and liquids

Cited by 261 publications

References 21 publications

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Design of a porous cored hexagonal photonic crystal fiber based optical sensor with high relative sensitivity for lower operating wavelength

Enhancement of the sensitivity of gas sensor based on microstructure optical fiber

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