Microstructure and micro-hardness analyses of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V parts manufactured by selective laser melting

Lancea, Camil; Chicoş, Lucia-Antoneta; Zaharia, Sebastian Marian; Pop, Mihai Alin

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20179403009

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is clear that the vertical struts had a slightly higher hardness than the inclined heat-treated struts, but both were greater than the hardness value reported in other investigations of the as-built Ti6Al4V struts due to the coarsening of the microstructure after heat treatment compared to the original finer α' martensite [38]. The obtained hardness values were consistent with the hardness values reported in the other investigations [39,40].…”

Section: Micro-hardnesssupporting

confidence: 88%

LPBF Manufactured Functionally Graded Lattice Structures Obtained by Graded Density and Hybrid Poisson’s Ratio

et al. 2022

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The additive manufacturing (AM) of innovative lattice structures with unique mechanical properties has received widespread attention due to the capability of AM processes to fabricate freeform and intricate structures. The most common way to characterize the additively manufactured lattice structures is via the uniaxial compression test. However, although there are many applications for which lattice structures are designed for bending (e.g., sandwich panels cores and some medical implants), limited attention has been paid toward investigating the flexural behavior of metallic AM lattice structures with tunable internal architectures. The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate the flexural behavior of AM Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures with graded density and hybrid Poisson’s ratio (PR). Four configurations of lattice structure beams with positive, negative, hybrid PR, and a novel hybrid PR with graded density were manufactured via the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) AM process and tested under four-point bending. The manufacturability, microstructure, micro-hardness, and flexural properties of the lattices were evaluated. During the bending tests, different failure mechanisms were observed, which were highly dependent on the type of lattice geometry. The best response in terms of absorbed energy was obtained for the functionally graded hybrid PR (FGHPR) structure. Both the FGHPR and hybrid PR (HPR) structured showed a 78.7% and 62.9% increase in the absorbed energy, respectively, compared to the positive PR (PPR) structure. This highlights the great potential for FGHPR lattices to be used in protective devices, load-bearing medical implants, and energy-absorbing applications.

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Section: Micro-hardnesssupporting

confidence: 88%

LPBF Manufactured Functionally Graded Lattice Structures Obtained by Graded Density and Hybrid Poisson’s Ratio

et al. 2022

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“…Some examples of other researches showing large hardness fluctuations in titanium alloy parts can be found for both selective laser melting technology [ 35,36 ] and traditional one. [ 37 ] Indeed, the mechanical properties of Ti 6 Al 4 V, including microhardness, are largely influenced by its microstructure, including constituent phases, the size of the grain and α‐phase, the texture of prior β grains, [ 15 ] and crystal structure and orientation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical, Mechanical, and Metallurgical Investigation of an Innovative Near Net Shape Titanium Selective Laser Melting Engine Component and Comparison with the Conventional Forged One

Cecchel¹,

Ferrario²,

Mega³

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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As is well known today, additive manufacturing (AM) is a process of joining materials to make objects from 3D model data as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies which remove material. [1] In general, AM technology allows the manufacturing of parts directly from digital model by depositing the material through a layer-by-layer approach that is digitally controlled. This emerging technology can manufacture metallic components with high precision. Among the main advantages, it can be found freedom of part design, part complexity, lightweighting, part consolidation, and design for specific functions. In light of this, AM technologies could provide an optimal trade-off between the need to increase manufacturing speed for highly customized and complex parts while achieving required mechanical properties with near net shaped components containing fewer defects. All these aspects are of interests in metal AM for aerospace, oil and gas, marine, and transport applications. [2] Among these processes, particularly selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the most used. This is a powder bed fusion process that uses metal powder, mainly for the manufacturing of components belonging to the biomedical and automotive field. [3][4][5] SLM has the great benefit to generate very complex shapes [6] that are often impossible to be produced with the conventional technologies. Thus, near net shape (NNS) parts and undercuts can be now easily created with this new technology. Another SLM benefit could be the creation of internal passages by maintaining a good dimensional control; this could be used, for example, for the integration of cooling channels. A first benefit that can be gathered is the reduction of metalworking operation. In the automotive field, the opportunity to create lightweight components [7][8][9] due to a NNS design is even more important. Indeed, this is one of the most feasible measures to reduce the vehicle emissions [10][11][12] and consequently the traffic-related air pollution. As mentioned earlier, it is clearly the need to modify how engineers think when designing parts; the typical design of traditional subtractive manufacturing processes is very different from the new shapes achievable with AM. [13] Thus, to take full advantage of unique capabilities from AM processes, specific Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) methods are needed. Typical DfAM includes topology optimization and other design methods which can be supported by AM-enabled features. In the automotive domain, SLM is currently limited for the production of prototypes or rare spare parts, while research is moving toward a larger adoption of this technology, [14,15] for example, targeting the production of components for high-end and luxury vehicles.

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“…The influence of the lattice structures on corrosion of the microstructure and micro-hardness were analysed. Additionally, Lancea [19] presented a microstructure analysis by using scanning electron microscopy (LEO 1525 SEM) of Ti6Al4V parts exposed to a corrosive environment. Furthermore, several studies have been examined the influence of the metal powder layer thickness on the internal structure and the micro-hardness of the SLM steel parts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressive Behaviour of Lattice Structures Manufactured by Polyjet Technologies

et al. 2020

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Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques can help to reduce the time and cost for manufacturing complex shaped parts. The main goal of this research was to determine the best strength structure of six different types of lattice cells, manufactured using the Poly Jet AM technology. In order to perform the tests, six samples with the same structure were created for each lattice type. For testing the samples in compression, an electromechanical test machine was used. finite element analysis (FEA) analysis was used in order to determine the area where the greatest stresses occured and to estimate the maximal compressive strength. The strongest structure was determined by obtaining the maximal compressive strength. This was calculated in two ways: as a ratio between the maximal supported force and the mass of the sample (N/g) and as a ratio between the maximal supported force and the critical section of the sample (MPa).

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Microstructure and micro-hardness analyses of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V parts manufactured by selective laser melting

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

LPBF Manufactured Functionally Graded Lattice Structures Obtained by Graded Density and Hybrid Poisson’s Ratio

LPBF Manufactured Functionally Graded Lattice Structures Obtained by Graded Density and Hybrid Poisson’s Ratio

Numerical, Mechanical, and Metallurgical Investigation of an Innovative Near Net Shape Titanium Selective Laser Melting Engine Component and Comparison with the Conventional Forged One

Compressive Behaviour of Lattice Structures Manufactured by Polyjet Technologies

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