Microstructure and mechanical properties of stainless steel CX manufactured by Direct Metal Laser Sintering

Asgari, Hamed; Mohammadi, Mohsen

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.10.045

Cited by 96 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Adjacent layer deposition containing Fe and Ti results to an embrittlement. Post processing treatments with parameter optimisation promote the recrystallation effects and enhance the mechanical performance [146]. When comparing 304L stainless steel fabricated under two conditions (low and high heat inputs), fine microstructure and good mechanical behavior are obtained for a low linear heat input.…”

Section: Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional and Additively Manufactured Stainless Steels: A Review

Michla

Rajini

Krishnasamy

et al. 2021

Trans Indian Inst Met

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For the last three decades, enormous manufacturing processes have been widely employed in the field of transportation (aviation, automobile and marine) as well as various industrial sectors. Among the invented techniques, conventional manufacturing plays a versatile and cost effective role, but additive manufacturing (AM) possesses a more significant advantage of handling complicated parts or complex geometrical structures. The conventional processes were used from ancient times until the development of other advanced techniques. In recent development of technology, AM technology has shown a tremendous change in the manufacturing field. The process of development in AM began with polymers, then to composites and advanced to nanocomposites, continuously. AM provides a waste-free production management system with enhanced processes. Therefore, this detailed and compendious review describes the different stainless steels fabricated through conventional and AM techniques. It is evident that AM proves better than other several conventional techniques, by three dimensional (3D) printing of quality and complex stainless steels components that are impossible to manufacture through other methods. Notwithstanding, there still need of much efforts to improve AM technique by reducing the manufacturing cost, supporting mass production and printing large stainless steel components.With an increase in invention of various efficient state-of-the-art engineering software, robots in manufacturing, artificial intelligence and smart manufacturing, the aforementioned drawbacks of AM technique/3D printing of various stainless steel structures will be soon eradicated.

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Section: Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional and Additively Manufactured Stainless Steels: A Review

Michla

Rajini

Krishnasamy

et al. 2021

Trans Indian Inst Met

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“…Because of smaller grains, DMLSed materials are generally harder than materials made by traditional processes [43,[48][49][50]. Thus, a harder DMLSed sample generally has a higher wear resistance than the materials made by traditional processes.…”

Section: Materials Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Performance of Metal Materials Fabricated by Powder Bed Fusion: A Literature Review

Qin

Lan

et al. 2020

Metals

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Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) is an additive manufacturing technology used to produce metal-based materials. PBF materials have a unique microstructure as a result from repeated and sharp heating/cooling cycles. Many researches have been carried out on relations between processing parameters of the PBF technology, obtained microstructures and mechanical properties. However, there are few studies on the tribological properties of PBF materials at various contact conditions. This article describes previous and recent studies related to the friction performance. This is a critical aspect if PBF materials are applied to friction pair components. This paper discusses wear rates and wear mechanisms of PBF materials under dry friction, boundary lubrication and micro-motion conditions. PBF materials have higher hardness due to fine grains. PBF materials have a higher wear resistance than traditional materials due to their solid solution strengthening. In addition, hard particles on the surface of PBF components can effectively reduce wear. The reasonable combination of process parameters can effectively improve the density of parts and thus further improve the wear resistance. This review paper summarized the wear behavior of PBF materials, the wear mechanism of metal materials from dry friction to different lubrication conditions, and the wear behavior under fretting wear. This will help to control the processing parameters and material powder composition of parts, so as to achieve the required material properties of parts and further improve the wear performance.

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“…In another aspect, it has been always desirable to make products more functional, powerful and reliable materials. Therefore, Stainless steel CX is a newly developed tooling grade steel powder feedstock which has high strength, corrosion resistance and relatively good ductility and have been used for applications in the chemical, aerospace, naval and nuclear industries [11]. This alloy has the same chemical composition of 13.8 Mo PH stainless steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This alloy has the same chemical composition of 13.8 Mo PH stainless steel. In other words, the CX stainless steel similar to 13.8 Mo PH stainless steel is a type of Maraging stainless steels which obtains much of its strength from precipitation reactions [11]. Precipitation hardening (PH) stainless steels are one of the material systems which are being investigated for potential replacements for Ti-6Al-4V.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microstructures for these alloys are typically martensite but can contain small amounts of retained austenite and δ-ferrite in the form of stringers. The precipitates are on the nanometer scale and cannot be viewed light optically [ 11,12]. The Complex interaction between the process parameters in laser based PBF AM processes results in different grain orientation and grain sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the Effect of Building Direction on the Microstructure and Grain Morphology of a Selective Laser Melted Maraging Stainless Steel

Sanjari

Hadadzadeh

Shahriairi

et al. 2020

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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In this study, cylindrical rods of a low carbon Fe-Cr-Ni-Al maraging stainless steel (CX) were fabricated through selective laser melting (SLM) technique for both horizontal direction and cube samples with the dimensions of 15×15×15 mm. The microstructure and grain morphology of the as-built sample were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was observed that in both cases the microstructure of the as-built sample consists of columnar dendrites aligned in the building direction because of the fast-directional cooling presents in the SLM process. However, the microstructural studies revealed that by changing the building method from cube to horizontal, both dendritic and grain structures have a tendency to change. Furthermore, the TEM results showed that different volume fractions of austenite and martensite phases were detected in both directions resulting from complex heat history and wide temperature range during the SLM process.

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of stainless steel CX manufactured by Direct Metal Laser Sintering

Cited by 96 publications

References 25 publications

Conventional and Additively Manufactured Stainless Steels: A Review

Conventional and Additively Manufactured Stainless Steels: A Review

Wear Performance of Metal Materials Fabricated by Powder Bed Fusion: A Literature Review

On the Effect of Building Direction on the Microstructure and Grain Morphology of a Selective Laser Melted Maraging Stainless Steel

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