Microstructure and mechanical behavior of pulsed laser surface melted AISI D2 cold work tool steel

Influence of pre-heating on the surface modification of powder-metallurgy processed cold-work tool steel during laser surface melting

“…Because of the different microstructures at various locations in the LSM layer, the microhardness varies through the depth of the melted pool. For pulsed-laser surface melting the same conclusion was reached by Yasavol et al [18].…”

“…5). The observed microstructures are typical for laser-melted tool steels [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]13,15,18,21]. Usually, laser-melted tool steels contain martensite, retained austenite and carbides [5].…”

“…Consequently, the mechanical properties of tool steels may be controlled. Optimizing process parameters of laser surface treatments to achieve better properties of various steels remains a relevant topic [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The most important laser processes are as follows: laser heat treatment, laser melting, laser cladding and laser alloying [22].…”

Microstructure, Wear, and Corrosion Characteristics of TiC-Laser Surface Cladding on Low-Carbon Steel

“…[2] As one of the new and effective treatments, laser surface cladding (LSC) can be applied to overcome the above disadvantages. [8] LSC has been proven to be capable of producing adherent, hard, and wear, corrosion, fatigue, and fracture-resistant coatings on a diverse range of materials under the condition of rapid melting and solidification. [8,9] Significant grain refinement and homogeneous microstructures with small dendrites in surface layer can be achieved.…”

“…[8] LSC has been proven to be capable of producing adherent, hard, and wear, corrosion, fatigue, and fracture-resistant coatings on a diverse range of materials under the condition of rapid melting and solidification. [8,9] Significant grain refinement and homogeneous microstructures with small dendrites in surface layer can be achieved. [10] Laser heating process has narrow beam focusing zone, low heat input which in turn creates a very narrow HAZ, less residual stresses as well as less deformation without additional pre-and post-weld thermal treatments.…”