Microstructure and Fracture Behavior of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by Selective Laser Melting

Casati, Riccardo; Lemke, Jannis Nicolas; Vedani, Maurizio

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2016.06.016

Cited by 417 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Mower et al [13] also observed this typical microstructure in AlSi10Mg. For the mentioned materials, Lewandowski et al [10] described a similar tensile and 0.2% yield stress of AM-materials compared to conventionally manufactured materials and an anisotropic behavior of the AM-materials with regard to their building direction, which is in accordance to the observations of References [11,13,15,[17][18][19]. In these investigations, the Horizontal building direction, in which layer planes are perpendicular to the load axis, showed higher values compared to the vertically built specimens.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Investigations of the microstructure and monotonic properties of the AM-materials are available in a large quantity. Microstructural investigations of Mower et al [13], Yasa et al [14], and Casati et al [15] on selective laser melted austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L showed an elongation of grains along the building direction and visibility of the layer boundaries in light optical micrographs (LOMs), which is in accordance to the investigations of Brandl et al [16] on laser deposition welded Ti6Al4V, Caiazzo et al on laser powder bed fused Inconel 718 [17], and Bauer et al [18] on the selective laser melted nickel based superalloy Haynes230 ® . Mower et al [13] also observed this typical microstructure in AlSi10Mg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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An Investigation of the Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured AISI 316L Stainless Steel with Regard to the Influence of Heat Treatment

Blinn

Klein

Gläßner

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:To exploit the whole potential of Additive Manufacturing, it is essential to investigate the complex relationships between Additive Manufacturing processes, the resulting microstructure, and mechanical properties of the materials and components. In the present work, Selective Laser Melted (SLM) (process category: powder bed fusion), Laser Deposition Welded (LDW) (process category: direct energy deposition) and, for comparison, Continuous Casted and then hot and cold drawn (CC) austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L blanks were investigated with regard to their microstructure and mechanical properties. To exclude the influence of surface topography and focus the investigation on the volume microstructure, the blanks were turned into final geometry of specimens. The additively manufactured (AM-) blanks were manufactured in both the horizontal and vertical building directions. In the horizontally built specimens, the layer planes are perpendicular and in vertical building direction, they are parallel to the load axis of the specimens. The materials from different manufacturing processes exhibit different chemical composition and hence, austenite stability. Additionally, all types of blanks were heat treated (2 h, 1070 • C, H 2 O) and the influence of the heat treatment on the properties of differently manufactured materials were investigated. From the cyclic deformation curves obtained in the load increase tests, the anisotropic fatigue behavior of the AM-specimens could be detected with only one specimen in each building direction for the different Additive Manufacturing processes, which could be confirmed by constant amplitude tests. The results showed higher fatigue strength for horizontally built specimens compared to the vertical building direction. Furthermore, the constant amplitude tests show that the austenite stability influences the fatigue behavior of differently manufactured 316L. Using load increase tests as an efficient rating method of the anisotropic fatigue behavior, the influence of the heat treatment on anisotropy could be determined with a small number of specimens. These investigations showed no significant influence of the heat treatment on the anisotropic behavior of the AM-specimens.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

An Investigation of the Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured AISI 316L Stainless Steel with Regard to the Influence of Heat Treatment

Blinn

Klein

Gläßner

et al. 2018

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This indicates that the microstructure anisotropy SLM samples occurring during their building plays an important role in determining tensile properties. The similar results were obtained by the authors of the papers [7][8][9][10] on such SLM equipment as AM250 (Renishaw) and SLM250 (SLM-Solutions). The samples made at a horizontal position showed higher strength properties due to the tensile strain direction parallel to the cut of layers but perpendicular to dendrites.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…It should be noted that both the elongation limit of samples UTS, r 0.2 and samples with the layer thickness of 60, 80 and 100 microns is higher than that of the samples produced with the thickness of 120 microns and 150 microns [7,8]. However, the value of elongation for all samples does not reach the standard value of 40%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Comparative Mechanical Tests of Samples Obtained by the Domestic Experimental Unit Meltmaster3D-550

Dub¹,

Beregovsky

Tretyakov

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference "Research and Development - 2016"

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The current development of the domestic engineering industry is closely connected with the development of new production technologies and metal processing methods, which corresponds to the transition of the industry to the sixth technological order. One of the priorities and strategically important directions of this development is the introduction of additive technologies into existing production chains. Currently, in the developing Russian market of 3D printing, there is a shortage of qualitative domestic industrial equipment and consumables materials (metallic powders). The present development of additive technologies in Russian companies is carried out with costly imported equipment based on the use of expensive imported consumables. To reduce the share of imported equipment in the Russian market effectively, the development of the technology and prototype model of the experimental unit MeltMaster 3D -550 for precision manufacturing of responsible, bulky products with a complex profile based on advanced technologies of additive manufacturing by selective laser melting method (SLM).

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“…The mechanical behaviour of SLM parts is strongly affected by the refined microstructure inherited from fast cooling and by generation of small solidification faults [13][14][15][16]. Indeed, the localized melting process experienced during SLM is not yet fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging Behaviour and Mechanical Performance of 18-Ni 300 Steel Processed by Selective Laser Melting

Casati

Lemke

Tuissi

et al. 2016

Metals

207

118

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An 18-Ni 300 grade maraging steel was processed by selective laser melting and an investigation was carried out on microstructural and mechanical behaviour as a function of aging condition. Owing to the rapid cooling rate, the as-built alloy featured a full potential for precipitate strengthening, without the need of a solution treatment prior to aging. The amount of reversed austenite found in the microstructure increased after aging and revealed to depend on aging temperature and time. Similarly to the corresponding wrought counterpart, also in the selective laser-melted 18-Ni 300 alloy, aging promoted a dramatic increase in strength with respect to the as-built condition and a drop in tensile ductility. No systematic changes were found in tensile properties as a function of measured amount of austenite. It is proposed that the submicrometric structure and the phase distribution inherited by the rapid solidification condition brought by selective laser melting are such that changes in tensile strength and ductility are mainly governed by the effects brought by the strengthening precipitates, whereas the concurrent reversion of the γ-Fe phase in different amounts seems to play a minor role.

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Microstructure and Fracture Behavior of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by Selective Laser Melting

Cited by 417 publications

References 18 publications

An Investigation of the Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured AISI 316L Stainless Steel with Regard to the Influence of Heat Treatment

An Investigation of the Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured AISI 316L Stainless Steel with Regard to the Influence of Heat Treatment

Comparative Mechanical Tests of Samples Obtained by the Domestic Experimental Unit Meltmaster3D-550

Aging Behaviour and Mechanical Performance of 18-Ni 300 Steel Processed by Selective Laser Melting

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