Microstructural probing of phosphonium-based ionic liquids on a gold electrode using colloid probe AFM

Abstract

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) with gold colloid probe modeled as the electrode surface is employed to directly capture the contact resonance frequency of two phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) containing a...

Integrative studies of ionic liquid interface layers: bridging experiments, theoretical models and simulations

“…bilayer structure has also been observed in the amphiphilic phosphonium-based IL trihexyltetradecyl-phosphonium bis (salicylato)borate ([P 6,6,6,14 ][BScB]). 21 The observed bilayer structure of the amphiphilic ILs, allowing the excess ions to pack at charged surfaces, facilitates the improvement of the capacitive energy storage capability. 6,21,96 4.…”

“…21 The observed bilayer structure of the amphiphilic ILs, allowing the excess ions to pack at charged surfaces, facilitates the improvement of the capacitive energy storage capability. 6,21,96 4. How interface layer ionic liquid nano-structuring enables lubrication and energy storage ILs exhibit many attractive properties in proximity to solid surfaces, and can form well-defined ion layers at interfaces where the composition, structure, dynamics, etc.…”

“…2,3,6,7,15 The ion structuring of the near-(solid) surface ILs is determined by a variety of This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2024 attractive interactions ranging from short-range van der Waals forces to long-range electrostatic forces, and hydrogen bonding, etc., 2,16,17 depending on the surface properties (material, chemistry, roughness, curvature, etc. ), 3,16,18,19 the nature of ILs, 6,20,21 as well as external conditions. 7,22,23 Ion arrangements of the ILs in direct contact or close vicinity can be precisely controlled by fine-tuning the ILs and adapting the solid materials at the interfaces.…”

“…, 2,16,17 depending on the surface properties (material, chemistry, roughness, curvature, etc. ), 3,16,18,19 the nature of ILs, 6,20,21 as well as external conditions. 7,22,23 Ion arrangements of the ILs in direct contact or close vicinity can be precisely controlled by fine-tuning the ILs and adapting the solid materials at the interfaces.…”

“…18 The ILs with cations/anions having a longer alkyl chain exhibit well-pronounced “…cation–cation–anion–anion…” bilayer structures induced by van der Waals forces, rather than alternating cation–anion monolayer structures by electrostatic forces in shorter-chained ILs. 6,21,24 External stimuli can play a critical role in the ion structuring of the IL interface layer. For example, charged surfaces 1,25 can create fairly dense ion layers next to the surface, while decaying exponentially into the bulk IL.…”