“…37 During the measurement of the oscillatory force profiles, a normal load would be applied to penetrate the ion layers, and a series of distinct "push-throughs" can be observed at discrete separations due to the rupturing successive IL interface layer, where the oscillation periods are equal to the size of ion pairs or a single ion layer. 38,39 In comparison, the quantified IL−Au molecular interaction in the present work is the decoupling of the AFMmeasured overall forces arising from all interacting molecules rather than resolving the ion layering structure.…”