Microstructural evolution and thermal stability of Fe–Zr metastable alloys developed by mechanical alloying followed by annealing

Sooraj, S.; Muthaiah, V.M. Suntharavel; Kang, Pengchao; Koch, Carl C.; Mula, Suhrit

doi:10.1080/14786435.2016.1212173

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This results in Br, which is broadening due to strain (Bs) + broadening due to crystallite size (Bc). [18][19][20][21][22]. Using Scherrer equation (1), based on the FWHM values, the average crystallite size (D 110 ) of Fe 1-x-Zr x alloy was determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the XRD JCPDS no:06-0696 for the Fe-Zr alloy. It is mainly attributed due to two reasons: crystallite size reduction and increase in the residual strain because of their atomic radius difference of iron (Fe = 0.126 Å) is smaller than that of zirconium (Zr = 0.160 Å) and its dissolution of larger-sized solute (Zr) atoms in the Fe matrix [18][19][20][21][22]. The complete dissolution of solute (Zr) atoms in the Fe matrix after 25 h of mechanical alloying and also it increases the defects in the Fe-Zr alloy particularly dislocation density, point defects, etc.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to attrition and agglomeration, high energy milling can induce chemical reactions, which can be used to influence the milling process and the properties of the product. The MA is also reported as a feasible solid state processing route for the synthesis of large quantities of nanostructured materials [15][16][17][18].The main purpose of this work is to investigate the structural, thermal and optical properties of a Fe-Zr alloy with two different Zr concentrations. So far, various routes for producing Fe-based alloys have been presented, including vacuum hot pressing, mechanical alloying, hydrothermal, microwave irradiation, sol-gel, thermal decomposition, precipitation and powder consolidation by spark plasma sintering techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe _1−X Zr _X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr⁴⁺ ion

Illayaraja Muthaiyaa,

Parameshwaranpillai,

Krishnamoorthy

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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By changing Zr concentrations, Fe1-x-Zrx (x= 0.25 & 1 at.%) alloys were successfully produced in an argon atmosphere using the mechanical alloying method. The produced Fe1-x-Zrx alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersion X-ray analysis (EDAX), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry analyzer (TG-DTA), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. According to XRD pattern analysis, the preparation alloys had a cubic crystalline structure and a complete solid solution formation. The average crystallite size for the 0.25at.% Zr concentration is found to be 7.79 nm and 11.8 nm for the 1 at.% Zr concentration. The TEM-dark field image confirms that the grain size is in the nanometric range (<100 nm). TEM-SAED spotty continuous ring pattern confirmed the complete solution formation is well correlated with the XRD results. The elemental distribution of the mechanically alloyed samples shows that Zr elements are homogeneously distributed in the Fe matrix. Bands at 3428 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum have been linked to O–H stretching vibrations. CH2 and CH stretching vibrations were associated with peaks of about 2920 cm-1 and 2850 cm-1. The weight loss and gain changes were observed and represented in the TG-DST graph; we found that overall weight changes are + 10.7% (gain) at 1023oC for Fe 1-x-Zr x (x=0.25 at.%) alloy. The UV-visible absorbance edge revealed a blue shift when Zr was added, indicating alloy production. The energy band gap of materials was calculated using UV-vis, and it has been observed that the band gap reduces as Zr concentration increases. Zr was added to Fe1-x-Zrx alloy nanoparticles, resulting in 514 nm and 775 nm emission wavelengths. The higher PL emission peak was 514 nm at 0.25 at.% of Zr.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe _1−X Zr _X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr⁴⁺ ion

Illayaraja Muthaiyaa,

Parameshwaranpillai,

Krishnamoorthy

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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“…According to the previous report, as the crystallite size of a directional plane increases, the free energy decreases. 31 In other words, as the Dy concentration increases, the crystallite size of the most stable (−111) plane among the monoclinic planes of HfO 2 increases, indicating that Dy plays a role in phase stabilization in HfO 2 thin film.…”

Section: Pe-ald Hfomentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysprosium Incorporation for Phase Stabilization of Atomic-Layer-Deposited HfO₂ Thin Films

et al. 2023

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The relatively low thermal stability of HfO2 films severely affects the performance of semiconductor devices. For instance, the low crystallization temperature of HfO2 (∼500 °C) leads to the formation of grain boundaries, which increases the leakage current. In this study, Dy incorporation leads to the phase transformation of HfO2 films from various directional planes to a main m(−111) plane by the crystallographic stabilization of HfO2 films, increasing the size of grains. Dy-doped HfO2 thin films with modulated doping content, prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD), are characterized by analysis of their chemical composition combined with electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray techniques. The transformation from m(110), m(−111), m(111), m(020), and m(120) to a main m(−111) plane is observed through X-ray diffraction, which indicates that Dy plays a role for the phase stabilization of HfO2 films. The atomic-scale images of the cross section and top view obtained using an electron microscope demonstrate that the in-plane average grain size is increased by approximately 4 times due to Dy incorporation compared with that of single HfO2 films. The reduction in the area of the grain boundary of HfO2 due to Dy incorporation decreases the leakage current density of HfO2 by 1000 times and increased the breakdown strength. This result can aid future electronics by determining the effect of a dopant on the crystallographic structure of host thin-film materials.

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“…In fact, several NC metallic alloys have shown higher thermal stability with respect to their single-component counterparts. Along these lines, binary [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], ternary [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], and higher order systems have been investigated [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Thermodynamic Stability of Nanocrystalline W-Based Alloys: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Approach

et al. 2021

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The stability of nanostructured metal alloys is currently being extensively investigated, and several mathematical models have been developed to describe the thermodynamics of these systems. However, model capability in terms of thermal stability predictions strongly relies on grain boundary-related parameters that are difficult to measure or estimate accurately. To overcome this limitation, a novel theoretical approach is proposed and adopted in this work to identify W-based nanocrystalline alloys which are potentially able to show thermodynamic stability. A comparison between model outcomes and experimental findings is reported for two selected alloys, namely W-Ag and W-Al. Experimental results clearly highlight that W-Ag mixtures retain a segregated structure on relatively coarse length scales even after prolonged mechanical treatments. Moreover, annealing at moderate temperatures readily induces demixing of the constituent elements. In contrast, homogeneous nanostructured W-Al solid solutions are obtained by ball milling of elemental powders. These alloys show enhanced thermal stability with respect to pure W even at high homologous temperatures. Experimental evidences agree with model predictions for both the investigated systems.

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Microstructural evolution and thermal stability of Fe–Zr metastable alloys developed by mechanical alloying followed by annealing

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe _1−X Zr _X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr⁴⁺ ion

Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe _1−X Zr _X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr⁴⁺ ion

Dysprosium Incorporation for Phase Stabilization of Atomic-Layer-Deposited HfO₂ Thin Films

Investigation on the Thermodynamic Stability of Nanocrystalline W-Based Alloys: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Approach

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Microstructural evolution and thermal stability of Fe–Zr metastable alloys developed by mechanical alloying followed by annealing

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe 1−X Zr X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr4+ ion

Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe 1−X Zr X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr4+ ion

Dysprosium Incorporation for Phase Stabilization of Atomic-Layer-Deposited HfO2 Thin Films

Investigation on the Thermodynamic Stability of Nanocrystalline W-Based Alloys: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Approach

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Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe _1−X Zr _X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr⁴⁺ ion

Structural, thermal and optical characteristics of Fe _1−X Zr _X alloy by using mechanical milling approach: influence of Zr⁴⁺ ion

Dysprosium Incorporation for Phase Stabilization of Atomic-Layer-Deposited HfO₂ Thin Films