Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of additively manufactured 17–4PH stainless steel

Eskandari, H.; Lashgari, H.R.; Ye, L.; Eizadjou, Mehdi; Wang, H.

doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.103075

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Hardness was determined by microindentation and was found to increase from about 3 GPa for the native material to about 4 GPa after SP. Eskandari et al [37] obtained a hardness after fabrication of 269 ± 34 HV compared with 339 ± 79 HV for the forged material. The variations within the hardness are related to the presence of pores, voids, phase composition, and microstructure.…”

Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of shot peening on corrosion resistance of additive manufactured 17-4PH steel

Świetlicki

Walczak

Szala

2022

Materials Science-Poland

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Components produced by additive manufacturing (AM) via direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) have typical as-fabricated surface defects. As a result, surface properties of AM products should be modified to increase their strength, anti-wear behavior, and at the same time ensure their high corrosion resistance. Surface modification via shot peening (SP) is considered suitable for AM of engineering devices made of 17-4PH (X5CrNiCuNb16-4) stainless steel. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of three types of peening media (CrNi steel shot, glass, and ceramic beads) on the corrosion resistance of specimens of DMLS 17-4PH stainless steel. Results demonstrated that SP caused steel microstructure refinement and induced both martensite (α) formation and retained austenite (γ) reduction. 17-4PH specimens peened showed the increase in surface hardness of 255, 281, and 260 HV0.2 for ceramic, glass, and steel, respectively. DMLS 17-4PH specimens modified by SP exhibited different surface morphology, hardness, and microstructure and thus, these properties affect corrosion performance. The results implied that steel shot peened with steel shot showed the highest resistance to corrosion processes (Icorr = 0.019 μA/cm2), slightly worse with glass (Icorr = 0.227 μA/cm2) and ceramics (Icorr = 0.660 μA/cm2) peened. In the case of ceramic and glass beads, it was possible to confirm the presence of the above-mentioned particles in the surface layer after SP.

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Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of shot peening on corrosion resistance of additive manufactured 17-4PH steel

Świetlicki

Walczak

Szala

2022

Materials Science-Poland

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“…The formation of the reverse-transformed γ phase is attributed to the diffusion and precipitation of γ-stabilizing elements (Ni, Cu, and C) during the aging treatment (Figure 6), which locally lower the martensitic transformation start (Ms) temperature below room temperature. [30,38] Table 4 shows the details of the strongest peak (α 110 ), including the 2θ position and the full-width at half-maxima (FWHM), and the corresponding XRD spectrums are shown in Figure 7b. Compared with the standard, the 2θ position of the strongest diffraction peak of the as-deposited sample shifts to the right, indicating that its lattice constant decreases.…”

Section: Microstructure and Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon is due to the TRIP effect, which in essence is a strain-induced transformation of γ to α phase, resulting in a simultaneous increase in strength and plasticity. [30,38] Compared to the as-deposited specimens, the tensile strength and plasticity of the solution specimens decrease but their yield strength increases. This is due to the dissolution of intermetallic compounds, the coarsening of grains, and the weakening of the TRIP effect caused by the decrease of γ phase content during the solution treatment.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties and Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[38] It is worth mentioning that the TRIP effect of aging specimens is not as obvious as that of as-deposited specimens due to the change in the mechanical stability of the γ phase. [30,44] In addition, it is observed that the yield strength of parallel specimens is higher than that of vertical specimens, which may be due to the difference in pore and γ phase distribution caused by different thermal histories. [45] The hardness of AISI 630 alloy under different heat treatment conditions is shown in Figure 9b.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties and Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After solution heat treatment, the grains of PBFed samples are more refined than those of wrought samples due to the pinning effect of the oxide inclusions on grain boundary migration. Eskandari et al [ 30 ] manufactured AISI 630 alloy by PBF and compared it with the AISI 630 wrought alloy. The results show that although the residual austenite content of PBFed AISI 630 alloy is 13% more than that of wrought alloy, the tensile strength and elongation at fracture of the former (1007 MPa, 35.4%) are comparable to those of the latter (1017 MPa, 38.96%), which is attributed to the transformation‐induced plasticity (TRIP) of austenite to martensite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Heat Treatment on Fracture Behavior of AISI 630 Alloy Manufactured by Directed Energy Deposition

et al. 2023

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AISI 630 alloy is widely used in the manufacture of CFM56 series aeroengine fan casing because of its high strength and excellent ductility. Herein, AISI 630 alloy is directly manufactured by directed energy deposition. The microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of AISI 630 alloy in as‐deposition, solution, and aging conditions are analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and electron backscattering diffraction are used to characterize the microstructure and phase characteristics. Mechanical tensile and Vickers hardness tests are performed. The results show that the samples as‐deposited, solution, and solution and aging samples are all composed of α phase and small amount γ phase, where γ phase proportions are 10.6%, 0.2%, and 10.8%, respectively. Due to transformation‐induced plasticity effect, the as‐deposited specimens have the highest strain hardening coefficient (0.410–0.432), which results in the tensile strength of 1121–1143 MPa, the yield strength of 279–293 MPa, and the fracture elongation of 14.9%. After solution and aging treatment, the tensile strength is increased by about 8% (1206–1239 MPa), the elongation at break is decreased by about 30% (9.6–11.4%), and the yield strength is increased by more than one time (740–907 MPa).

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Process Parameter Optimization of Directed Energy Deposited QT17‐4+ Steel

Sharma,

Popov,

Farkoosh

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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The feasibility of using argon‐atomized QT 17‐4+ stainless steel powder for directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing is studied. The QT 17‐4+ steel is a novel martensitic steel designed based on the compositional modification of the standard 17‐4 precipitation‐hardened (PH) stainless steel. This modification aims to achieve better mechanical properties of as‐deposited components compared to the heat‐treated wrought 17‐4PH steel. In this study, QT 17‐4+ steel powder is used for DED, for the first time. The influence of laser power, laser scan speed, powder feed rate, and hatch overlap on the density is studied. The central composite design is used to determine the experimental matrix of these factors. The response surface methodology is used to obtain the empirical statistical prediction model. Both columnar and equiaxed parent austenite grain structures are observed. X‐ray diffraction analyses reveal a decrease in the percentage of retained austenite from 19% in the powder to 5% after DED. The microhardness of the DED processed sample in the as‐deposited state is slightly higher than that of wrought 17‐4PH steel either solution‐annealed or H900‐aged. A higher 0.2% yield strength, a lower ultimate tensile strength, and lower elongation are observed for the vertically printed test sample, when compared to the horizontal one.

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Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of additively manufactured 17–4PH stainless steel

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of shot peening on corrosion resistance of additive manufactured 17-4PH steel

Effect of shot peening on corrosion resistance of additive manufactured 17-4PH steel

Effect of Heat Treatment on Fracture Behavior of AISI 630 Alloy Manufactured by Directed Energy Deposition

Process Parameter Optimization of Directed Energy Deposited QT17‐4+ Steel

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