Microstructural characterisation of fatigue crack initiation in Al-based plain bearing alloys

Mwanza, M.C.; Joyce, Maria; Lee, K.K.; Syngellakis, S.; Reed, P.A.S.

doi:10.1016/s0142-1123(03)00148-8

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The analyses are based on two-dimensional finite element (FE) models of a multi-layered flat strip and appropriate fracture mechanics concepts applicable to monotonic and fatigue loading. The three-point bending loading is applied to replicate the experimental conditions in previous fatigue tests [11,15,20]; this generates pure opening mode at the central section of the strip just opposite to the applied load P as shown in Figure 3. Bifurcated and deflected paths have been experimentally observed to evolve from originally straight cracks at this location.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prediction of small deflections led to the consideration of deflections possibly arising from the irregular, multi-phase micro-structure of the lining material observed in tested bearings [11,20]. This kind of heterogeneity would modify locally the solution based on problem symmetry into a mixed-mode stress field triggering deflection.…”

Section: Deflected Pathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatigue crack shielding and deflection in plain bearings under large-scale yielding

Burke-Veliz

Syngellakis

Reed

2010

Engineering Failure Analysis

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Multi-layered bearing systems used in the automotive industry show shielding and antishielding effects that reduce or amplify the crack driving force under large scale yielding conditions. Using finite element analysis, it is shown that shielding in such systems results in path deflection and bifurcation despite the absence of mixed-mode loading. As the crack approaches a stiff layer, the tangential strains measured around a blunted crack tip model show a maximum corresponding to the direction of crack propagation. The distribution of such strains indicates the effect of shielding and the likelihood of the tip to deflect or bifurcate. The suitability of bi-layer and tri-layer bearing architectures is assessed through crack path and respective crack driving force predictions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deflected Pathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue crack shielding and deflection in plain bearings under large-scale yielding

Burke-Veliz

Syngellakis

Reed

2010

Engineering Failure Analysis

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“…Microstructural fatigue initiation studies carried out on two lining alloys, Al-12Sn-4Si-1Cu and Al-20Sn-1Cu-0.25Mn, designated AS1241 [9] and AS16 [2], respectively, showed that coarser Sn and Si particles were responsible for early initiation of microstructurally short fatigue cracks. It was also shown that the actual initiation behaviour was associated with a complex combination of particle distribution and geometries [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Earlier work has shown that fatigue initiation is linked to microstructural heterogeneities such as grain boundaries [4], inclusions [5], defects [6] and secondary phase particles [7,8]. The bearing alloys investigated during previous [ 2] and current work are complex multiphase Al alloys in which secondary-phase particles are distinguishable at microscale level and scattered throughout the matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In practice, fatigue resistance of various plain bearing designs is measured as lifetimes represented by the number of runs to failure on an accelerated test rig under well controlled loading conditions associated with rather complex states of stress and strain [1]. A more well-defi ned fatigue evaluation approach was adopted in more recent works [2,3] according to which fatigue life is assessed using a defl ection-based failure criterion linked to three-point bend loading. The overall fatigue life of such a multilayered material system comprises the loading cycles to small crack initiation and those responsible for subsequent surface as well as subsurface crack growth until failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural modelling of fatigue initiation in aluminium-bearing alloys

Syngellakis¹,

Ali²,

Reed³

2013

Int. J. CMEM

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Microstructural fatigue initiation in Al-Sn-Si-Cu-Ni bearing lining alloys is reported and investigated. The secondary phases of such alloys comprise fi ne and relatively few Sn and Si particles as well as a large number of hard AlNi 3 -type intermetallics, frequently encapsulated within soft Sn layers. During fatigue tests, these particles were observed to initiate short fatigue cracks. Through elasto-plastic fi nite element analysis of ideal microstructures but with realistic geometric and mechanical property data, critical values of key stress and strain components within the matrix, the Sn layers, and the particles were predicted and linked to microstructural features associated with observed fatigue initiation. These modelling results indicate the extent to which either the hydrostatic stresses or plastic shear strains may be responsible for fatigue crack initiation in the Sn layers, as well as the optimum microstructural characteristics that would minimise tensile stresses, which are responsible for brittle particle fracture.

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Effects of carbides on fatigue characteristics of austempered ductile iron

Stokes¹,

Gao

Reed

et al. 2005

Metall Mater Trans A

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Crack initiation and growth behavior of an austempered ductile iron (ADI) austenitized at 800 °C and austempered at 260 °C have been assessed under three-point bend fatigue conditions. Initiation sites have been identified as carbides remaining from the as-cast ductile iron due to insufficient austenization. The number of carbides cracking on loading to stresses greater than 275 MPa is critical in determining the failure mechanism. In general, high carbide area fractions promote coalescence-dominated fatigue crack failure, while low area fractions promote propagation-dominated fatigue crack failure. Individual carbides have been characterized using finite body tessellation (FBT) and adaptive numerical modeling (Support vector Parsimonious Analysis Of Variance (SUPANOVA)) techniques in an attempt to quantify the factors promoting carbide fracture. This indicated that large or long and thin carbides on the whole appear to be susceptible to fracture, and carbides that are locally clustered and aligned perpendicular to the tensile axis are particularly susceptible to fracture.

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Microstructural characterisation of fatigue crack initiation in Al-based plain bearing alloys

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Fatigue crack shielding and deflection in plain bearings under large-scale yielding

Fatigue crack shielding and deflection in plain bearings under large-scale yielding

Microstructural modelling of fatigue initiation in aluminium-bearing alloys

Effects of carbides on fatigue characteristics of austempered ductile iron

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