Microstructural and Fractographical Studies on Quenched and Tempered Armor Steels

Karagöz, Şadi; Atapek, Ş. Hakan; Yilmaz, Alpay

doi:10.3139/120.110134

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Thus, they are usually designated as quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels. A combination of chemical composition (containing up to 0.36C, 1.55Mn, 0.55Si, 1.9Cr, 1Ni, 0.65Mo wt.%) and carefully chosen temperature and time of tempering result in a very strong and tough material with 360-600 HB of hardness, 500-1400 MPa of the yield stress (YS) and 600-1640 MPa of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) [1][2][3][4][5]. Due to their superior properties, Q&T steels are widely used in mining, defence and civil construction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge Microstructure and Strength Gradient in Thermally Cut Ti-Alloyed Martensitic Steels

Kostryzhev

Rizwan

Killmore³

et al. 2021

Metals

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Recently developed Ti-alloyed martensitic steels are believed to exhibit higher wear resistance than traditionally quenched and tempered medium carbon steels. However, their properties may deteriorate during thermal cutting and welding as a result of microstructure tempering. This would present significant challenges for the metal fabrication industries. A decrease in strength and wear resistance associated with tempering should vary with steel composition, initial steel microstructure and properties, and cutting method. In this work, we investigated the effect of thermal cutting on the edge microstructure and properties in two alloyed plate steels containing 0.27C-0.40Ti and 0.39C-0.60Ti (wt.%) commercially rolled to 12 mm thickness. Three cutting methods were applied to each of the two plates: oxy-fuel, plasma and water-jet. Microstructure characterisation was carried out using optical and scanning electron microscopy. With an increase in thermal effect, from water-jet to plasma to oxy-fuel, the heat affected zone width increased and hardness decreased in both steels. However, the hardness profile from the cut edge to the base metal significantly varied with steel composition, particularly C and Ti contents. The dependence of grain structure and precipitation kinetics on steel composition, and cutting method, were thoroughly investigated and linked to the hardness profile variation. The obtained results will be used to optimise the technological parameters for cutting and welding of Ti-alloyed martensitic steels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge Microstructure and Strength Gradient in Thermally Cut Ti-Alloyed Martensitic Steels

Kostryzhev

Rizwan

Killmore³

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…Many researchers study the impact of alloy composition and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of steel, such as macro and micro inspection. Quenching and tempering are one of the mechanical properties of steel to improve steel reinforcement [1,2]. The results showed that increasing the quenching temperature could increase the grain size of austenite (dr), martensite package (dp), and beam (db).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the influence of hot rolled plate steel treatment using temper and quench-temper method on vickers hardness number enhancement

Taufik

Pratikto

Suprapto

et al. 2021

EEJET

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This paper wants to know the effect of bending radius on the distribution of hardness, grain distribution and microstructure on the surface area of tensile stress and compressive stress after bending, quenching and tempering. Material testing helps determine and analyze material quality. The research was conducted on the bending of Hot Rolled Plate Steel material with a radius of 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm and 70 mm with a measurement distance of 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm, the highest value was obtained at a radius of 55 mm with a measurement distance of 1 mm. After getting the quench-temper treatment with a holding time of 30 minutes, the value of 498 HV was obtained at a radius of 70 mm with a measurement distance of 2 mm. Hardness test was performed using the austenite temperature of 900 °С, microstructure test results obtained finer grains in the compression area r=2.173 µm and in the tensile area r=2.34 µm. This observation aims to determine the microstructure of the material undergoing a heat treatment process at a temperature of 900 °С with a holding time of 30 minutes using water cooling media. The results of the observation of the microstructure of the test specimens before the quench-temper process showed that the structure of ferrite was more abundant than perlite, but after the quench-tempering process the results showed that there was more perlite than ferrite due to the presence of austenite. The treatment on the transformation of the Ar3 line causes the hardness to change the shape of the martensite microstructure into steel while the thickness of the carburizing layer increases with the increase in the carbonization temperature on the surface of the quenched specimen, resulting in the formation of martensite and residual austenite causing the coating to become hard.

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“…However, the protection mechanism of this composite structure must be elucidated. New high-strength high-toughness alloy steel, suitable for use in the armor front plate, has been developed in recent years [13,14]. In fact, an understanding of the protective performance of metal and fiber composite armor is essential for use of these armors in vehicles and ships mainly composed of metal structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Protection Mechanism of 30CrMnMo-UHMWPE Composite Armor

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2017

Materials

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The penetration of a 30CrMnMo ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene armor by a high-speed fragment was investigated via experiments and simulations. Analysis of the projectile revealed that the nose (of the projectile) is in the non-equilibrium state at the initial stage of penetration, and the low-speed regions undergo plastic deformation. Subsequently, the nose-tail velocities of the projectile were virtually identical and fluctuated together. In addition, the effective combination of the steel plate and polyethylene (PE) laminate resulted in energy absorption by the PE just before the projectile nose impacts the laminate. This early absorption plays a positive role in the ballistic performance of the composite armor. Further analysis of the internal energy and mass loss revealed that the PE laminate absorbs energy via the continuous and stable failure of PE fibers during the initial stages of penetration, and absorbs energy via deformation until complete penetration occurs. The energy absorbed by the laminate accounts for 68% of the total energy absorption, indicating that the laminate plays a major role in energy absorption during the penetration process.

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Microstructural and Fractographical Studies on Quenched and Tempered Armor Steels

Cited by 24 publications

References 4 publications

Edge Microstructure and Strength Gradient in Thermally Cut Ti-Alloyed Martensitic Steels

Edge Microstructure and Strength Gradient in Thermally Cut Ti-Alloyed Martensitic Steels

Analysis of the influence of hot rolled plate steel treatment using temper and quench-temper method on vickers hardness number enhancement

Study on Protection Mechanism of 30CrMnMo-UHMWPE Composite Armor

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