Microsporogenesis and sexual sterility in Drimiopsis barteri.

Oyewole, Samuel

doi:10.1508/cytologia.49.87

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Different type of abnormalities like irregular pairing or trivalent formation have been described in other species of Drimiopsis (i.e. D. barteri) to describe their sexual sterility (Oyewole 1984). Interestingly, sexual reproduction is absent in Drimiopsis kirkii also even they flower normally, so our initial findings regarding meiotic studies may help researchers for further study on sterility of this plant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Karyotypes, pollen meioses and mitoses in <i>Drimiopsis kirkii</i> Baker

Haque

Ghosh

2015

Chromosome Botany

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Karyotype analysis and male meiotic behavior in a bulbaceous plant Drimiopsis kirkii were studied. The somatic chromosomes in 2n=66 were ranged between 1.50 -9.72 µm in length. The karyotypic formula was 2n=66=30m+14sm+16st+6t. The haploid set of 33 chromosomes were counted in mitotic metaphase of pollen grains. Detailed meiotic analysis from PMCs to tetrad were carried out and most of the PMC underwent normal meiosis to form the microspore tetrad. However, 7.8 % PMC showed various meiotic abnormalities in form of univalent or bivalent laggards, late separation, anaphesic bridge, chromosome fragments etc. KEYWORDS: Drimiopsis kirkii, Hyacinthaceae, Karyomorphology, Meiotic abnormalities, Pollen mitosisDrimiopsis kirkii Baker is an ornamental bulbaceous plant of the family Hyacinthaceae. Sexual reproduction is totally absent in D. kirkii even they flower normally. Leaves with a leathery texture and dark green mosaic decoration give fabulous ornamental beauty to this bulbaceous plant. According to previous reports the chromosome number of D. kirkii has varied as of 2n=60, 66, 68 (Mahalakshima and Sheriff 1970;Sharma 1970;Sen 1973aSen , 1973bVij et al. 1982), but all of these reports are very ancient and only somatic chromosomes have been studied. Basic information about meiotic behavior along with a detailed karyotype of this plant is unavailable. Our findings on chromosome number of 2n=66 is matched with the reports of Sharma (1970) and Sen (1973a, b), but these reports are mainly restricted to chromosome number records. Therefore, the present work was undertaken with the aim to perform the detailed karyotype analysis as well as to study the pollen mitosis and male meiotic behavior of this plant. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe plants maintained inside the shade-net house of the campus of Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College was used for the present studies (Fig. 1A). For somatic chromosome counts and karyotype analysis, actively growing healthy root tips were pretreated with a saturated solution of Þ-dichlorobenzene for 4.5 h at 16-18°C. Pre-treated materials were fixed in an ethanol/ acetic acid solution (3:1; v/v) for 24 h at 4°C. Then, fixed root tips were stained with 2.0 % aceto-orcein: 1 (N) HCl (9:1 v/v) mixture and then macerated and squashed in 45.0 % acetic acid. Karyotype analysis was based on at least five high-quality metaphase plates. The chromosomes were assorted into different categories on the basis of arm ratio following Levan et al. (1964) (m=1.0-1.7, sm=1.7-3.0, st=3.0-7.0, and t=>7) and were classified into four categories on the basis of total length, A-C (A= 7.0-10.0 μm, B=4.0-7.0 μm and C=1.0-4.0 μm). For analysis of karyotype, the chromosomes were arranged in order of decreasing length. An ideogram was constructed by arranging the chromosomes in homologous pairs by order of their length and arm ratio. Mean length was calculated for each chromosome pair and these values were then used to calculate total chromatin length of each karyotype. All chromosome plates were observe...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Karyotypes, pollen meioses and mitoses in <i>Drimiopsis kirkii</i> Baker

Haque

Ghosh

2015

Chromosome Botany

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“…Since neither A. keayi nor A. macrocarpa var major was found to produce offsprings, it is reasonable, therefore, to opine that the two species in question are sexually sterile. Moore (1976), corroborated by Oyewole (1984), argued that "the chromosomes provide the physical basis by which the genetic stability and continuity of individuals and population is maintained". This infers that chromosome stability, as individuals and as a complement, during the various stages of cell division, greatly influences not only the genetic stability of the organism but also the genetic stability of the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Percentage of pollen stainability was calculated as the proportion of the pollen grains that absorbed the stain out of the total counts. Ability of the pollen grains to germinate was investigated both in vitro and in vivo according to the methods of Oyewole (1984).…”

Section: Representativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Dutta (1979), sexual reproduction consists in the fusion of two sexual reproductive units (gametes) to give rise to a zygote which develops into a new whole plant. In the opinion of Oyewole (1984), successful sexual reproduction is an essential achievement of genetic stability of any organism. While investigating the reproductive abilities of nine accessions of Aloe indigenous to Nigeria, Akinyele et al (2007) observed that two species, namely Aloe keayi and Aloe macrocarpa var major were not able to reproduce sexually even though they produced flowers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation raises important questions about the origin and evolution of these two species. According to Oyewole (1984), most of the factors responsible for sexual sterility in plants are linked up with natural hybridization and polyploidy, both of which are known to play important roles in the evolution of plant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meiotic chromosome behaviour and sexual sterility in two Nigerian species of Aloe Linn

Akinyele¹

2007

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The behaviour of meiotic chromosomes and the subsequent behaviour of the meiotic products were investigated in two Nigerian species of Aloe, namely Aloe keayi and Aloe macrocarpa var major with a view to uncovering the cause of their inability to reproduce sexually. The two plant materials used in this study were already under cultivation in the Aloe Research Garden situated in the Crop Type Museum of the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. All the various meiotic stages from leptotene to pollen development were studied. Number of chromosomes per complement in the two taxa is 2n = 14. The 14 chromosomes were resolved into seven bivalents all of which show incomplete pairing thereby lowering the frequency of chiasma formation. Chromosome aberration involving deletion of a segment from one of the longest chromosomes was detected in A. macrocarpa var major. Though the percentage of pollen stainability is high in both taxa, the percentage of pollen germinability, both in vitro and in vivo, is very low in A. keayi when compared with what obtains in A. macrocarpa var major. The morphology and behaviour of chromosomes in the two taxa, the failure of the flowers to form fruits in A. keayi and the failure of the fruits to attain maturity in A. macrocarpa var major are all evidences that sexual sterility in the two taxa is attributed to genetic instability and deficiency in the genotype of the spores as a result of their hybrid origin.

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Cytological studies of sporophytic and gametophytic generation of two bulbaceous speciesLedebouria revolutaandDrimiopsis botryoides(Asparagaceae)

Haque

Ghosh

2015

Caryologia

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Detailed cytological characteristics of both sporophytic as well as gametophytic generation of two bulbaceous species, Ledebouria revoluta and Drimiopsis botryoides, were studied by investigating together pollen mitosis and root tip mitosis along with meiosis. A comparative study showed there was no significant difference between chromosome characteristics of haploid and diploid plants. The chromosome number of L. revoluta was 2n = 30 (in root tip) and n = 15 (in pollen) and that of D. botryoides was 2n = 66 (in root tip) and n = 33 (in pollen). Both genera have a monomodal chromosome with gradual decreases in size from the longest, 6.79 μm, to the shortest, 1.50 μm, in L. revoluta, and 9.65 to 1.55 μm in D. botryoides. The karyotypic formula of L. revoluta was 20m + 10sm and D. botryoides was 30m + 14sm + 16 st + 6t. All the meiotic events were found to be normal in both genera and a clear 15 and 33 bivalents were observed in L. revoluta and D. botryoides accordingly. Very few meiotic abnormalities were observed in L. revoluta (about 2.4%); a comparatively higher percentage (nearly 7.9%) of abnormalities were observed in D. botryoides in the form of laggard, bridge, chromosome stickiness, early or late anaphasic movement, etc. However, the ultimate product of meiosis, i.e. microspores/pollens, are normal with an expected haploid chromosome number (n = 15 and 33 accordingly). Overall, L. revoluta is karyotypically less asymmetrical with a lower chromosome number than D. botryoides, indicating that D. botryoides is evolutionarily more advanced than L. revoluta.

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Microsporogenesis and sexual sterility in Drimiopsis barteri.

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Karyotypes, pollen meioses and mitoses in <i>Drimiopsis kirkii</i> Baker

Karyotypes, pollen meioses and mitoses in <i>Drimiopsis kirkii</i> Baker

Meiotic chromosome behaviour and sexual sterility in two Nigerian species of Aloe Linn

Cytological studies of sporophytic and gametophytic generation of two bulbaceous speciesLedebouria revolutaandDrimiopsis botryoides(Asparagaceae)

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