Microscopy for Modeling of Cell–Cell Allelopathic Interactions

Abstract

The application of various microscopy methods-from stereomicroscopy to luminescence microscopy, microspectrofluorimetry and laser-scanning confocal microscopy-has been considered as an approach to model the cell-cell contacts and interactions in allelopathy. It bases on the direct observations of both secretions released from allelopathic species and the interaction(s) with the cell acceptors as biosensors (unicellular plant generative and vegetative microspores). Special attention was paid to the interactions with pigmented and fluorescing components of the secretions released by the cell donors from allelopathically active plant species. Colored allelochemicals are considered as histochemical dyes for the analysis of cellular mechanisms at the allelopathic contacts. IntroductionThe study of cell-cell interactions in allelopathy has been achieved using various types of microscopic methods as has been shown for analysis of pollen-pollen interactions analyzed by microspectrofluorimetry Melnikova 1996, 1999) or laser-scanning confocal microscopy (Roshchina et al. 2007(Roshchina et al. , 2009a. The technique may be suitable for the investigation of allelopathic mechanisms when one cell (a donor cell) releases a molecule that is received by another cell (an acceptor cell) belonging to different species. For this aim it should consider the microscopy for the observation of plant cell, viz.

Vital Autofluorescence: Application to the Study of Plant Living Cells

“…Crystals of secretions emit more brightness than liquids. Today the secretion peaks were compared with the maxima of individual components of the same secretions in solutions or films [5,8,10]. Interference of various fluorophores in total emission may take place, but diagnostics of prevailing component of the secretion is real.…”

“…450 nm), and flavins (max. 520 nm) [3], although in dry state weak blue fluorescence (420-450 nm) is also peculiar to isolated nucleotides, RNA, and DNA as well as some proteins, and seen in the films under luminescence microscope [4,5], but water quenches the emission [4]. Besides, there are characteristic fluorescent compounds in various organisms [6].…”

The inhibiting effects of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) on germination ability and growth of some culture ryegrass species

“…Earlier studies demonstrated that these allelopathic effects were caused by the chemicals secreted from some ligneous plants (tree or bushes) (Chaves and Escudero 1997;Kocaçalışkan and Terzi 2001;Boz et al, 2003;Djurdjvic et al, 2005;Ercişli et al, 2005;Bulut and Demir 2007;Roshchina et al, 2011). Similarly, it was observed that ryegrass under Scots pine trees in Erzurum (eastern Turkey) had a weak development.…”

Multiple omics revealed the growth-promoting mechanism of Bacillus velezensis strains on ramie

“…Pseuduridine modification helps stabilize RNA structure and ribosome biogenesis and activity and regulates rRNA processing, pre-mRNA splicing, and protein synthesis, thereby controlling growth, development, and response to stress in different organisms ( Lu et al., 2017 ; Adachi et al., 2019 ; Sun et al., 2019 ; Wang et al., 2022 ). Ferulic acid and other phenolic acids have an inhibitory effect on plant growth, which can inhibit plant nutrient absorption, photosynthesis, respiration, the function and activity of various enzymes, endogenous hormone synthesis, and protein synthesis ( Hussain and Reigosa, 2021 ; John and Sarada, 2012 ).…”