Microscopical study of experimental wound healing in Notothenia coriiceps (Cabeçuda) at 0°C

Abstract

Notothenia coriiceps (Cabeçuda) is an Antarctic benthic fish frequently found with lesions in the tegument caused by seal predation. We have investigated epidermal repair in these animals by means of a microscopic study of experimental wound healing at 0 degrees C. At 24--48 h after wound induction, mucous exudate and necrotic lining cells covered the wound. At 7--14 days, an epidermal "tongue" could be discerned, folded at the tip, with intercellular oedema between the tip and the wound border. After 23--30 days, the wound was completely closed and the migrating epidermis, with intercellular oedema, was reduced. By 45--90 days, melanocytes progressively increased in the epidermis but no scales were formed. The inflammatory infiltrate was mainly composed of neutrophils after 7 days, at which time they were mostly replaced by macrophages; lymphocytes and plasma cells were also present. The border epidermis slid towards the centre, folding at the tip and finally fusing to form a diaphragm. The cells of the epidermis began to multiply only after complete closure of the wound. The lack of scale formation on induced and naturally found wounds, even after 90 days, suggests that different mechanisms in wound repair occur at 0 degrees C from those in fish from temperate and tropical environment. This is the first report of successful wound repair at polar temperatures, indicating the adaptation of N. coriiceps to the Antarctic environment.

Wound healing in Piaractus mesopotamicus supplemented with chromium carbochelate and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…This stimulates neo-vascularization in the initial phase of the healing process, as observed in the present study at 7 DPI (p < 0.05, Table 3). Neovascularization during initial phase of wound healing is important for proper oxygen supply to the inflammatory process installed on site, removing cellular debris, inducing fibroplasia and protection against opportunistic agents (SILVA et al, 2005).…”

Influence of Incision Location on Transmitter Loss, Healing, Incision Lengths, Suture Retention, and Growth of Juvenile Chinook Salmon

“…Erythema in the incision was defined as any visible redness on the surface of the scales and integument. Other studies have referred to redness around the incision as inflammation (Hart and Summerfelt 1975;Walsh et al 2000;Lowartz et al 1999;Deters et al2010), erythema (Hart and Summerfelt 1975), or exudate (Lowartz et al 1999;Cunha da Silva et al 2005). The criteria in Figure 2.1 were used to score apposition of the incision.…”

Transcriptomic Down-Regulation of Immune System Components in Barrier and Hematopoietic Tissues after Lipopolysaccharide Injection in Antarctic Notothenia coriiceps

“…Low temperatures did not inhibit phagocytosis by macrophages [35] or the inflammatory response in nototheniids [36][37][38]. In the bullhead (Notothenia coriiceps), damage repair of skin occurred at a slower pace than in teleosts from warmer waters with no sign of contamination by pathogens, which was attributed to the protective action of the mucous layer or the low pathogenicity of microorganism in Antarctic seawater [39]. Studies taking a candidate gene approach revealed that the exposure of N. coriiceps and N. rossii to bacterial infection agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) modified toll-like receptor gene expression in liver, kidney and spleen [40,41] and modulated iron-related immune genes, including hepcidin 4 (hp4) [42].…”