Microscopic extraovarian sex cord proliferations: an undescribed phenomenon

McCluggage, W. Glenn; Stewart, Colin J.R.; Iacobelli, Jean; Soma, Anita; Cho, Kathleen R.; Heatley, M K; Boyde, Adam; Clarke, Blaise A.

doi:10.1111/his.12580

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…( Griffith and Carcangiu, 1991 ; Baron et al, 1998 ) A small case series described two incidentally noted specimens which closely mimicked SCTAT vs adult type granulosa cell tumor(AGCT) within the fimbriae of the fallopian tube. ( McCluggage et al, 2015 ) In contrast to our case, the described specimens in the fallopian tubes consisted of microscopic submillimeter nests of cells, and one of the cases even noted a nest within the ovarian parenchyma, suggesting actual ovarian origin. ( McCluggage et al, 2015 )…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Extraovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules discovered arising from a leiomyoma

Jaegle

Keyser

Messersmith

et al. 2018

Gynecologic Oncology Reports

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BackgroundSex cord tumors with annular tubules (SCTAT) are a rare (2%) subtype of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor. SCTATs are usually cured at time of diagnosis by surgical resection with an oophorectomy. SCTATs have a 100%(disease related) five-year survival. One third of SCTAT tumors are associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Literature review discovered only two published cases of extra-ovarian SCTAT. Due to the rarity there is no standard treatment for extraovarian SCTATs.CaseA 39-year-old para-1 female with a symptomatic fibroid uterus, heavy menstrual bleeding, and a history of a uterine myomectomy, underwent an elective total abdominal hysterectomy. Intraoperative findings showed a 7.5 cm retroperitoneal mass adhered between the uterus and the right pelvic sidewall that on frozen section was found to be a degenerating leiomyoma. Final pathology demonstrated a 2 mm focus of incidental SCTAT adjacent to the serosal surface of the leiomyoma. The SCTAT was not associated with ectopic ovarian tissue or endometriosis. The patient's ovaries were normal on direct intraoperative examination, preoperative ultrasound and MRI. Six month postoperative surveillance ultrasound also demonstrated normal premenopausal ovaries.ConclusionThis is the first extraovarian SCTAT in the published literature arising from a leiomyoma. Our patient had no family history and displayed no syndromic features for Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome. Ultimately, she declined genetic testing. The lack of evidence of ovarian involvement on both imaging and on intraoperative examination made localization to either ovary impossible. The patient is currently being managed with surveillance since the morbidity associated with bilateral oophorectomy in the 4th decade of life exceeds the theoretical risk of SCTAT.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Extraovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules discovered arising from a leiomyoma

Jaegle

Keyser

Messersmith

et al. 2018

Gynecologic Oncology Reports

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“…However, the nuclear characteristics of these sex cord proliferations are morphologically distinct to carcinoid tumors and they have a different immunophenotype being positive with sex cord markers inhibin and calretinin (8). In the context of a patient with HBOC (case 2), including those with a BRCA germline mutation, the differential diagnosis might include serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) or high-grade serous carcinoma arising in the fallopian tube or metastatic breast carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Fallopian Tube: Report of a Case Series and Review of the Literature

Grondin

Lidang

Boenelycke

et al. 2019

International Journal of Gynecological Pathology

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Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the fallopian tube are extremely rare with a few reported cases of high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma and a single report of a carcinoid tumor arising in a teratoma. We report four cases of probable primary neuroendocrine tumors of the fallopian tube (two carcinoid tumors/ low-grade neuroendocrine tumors and two high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas) in patients aged 49-71. These represent the first reported cases of primary tubal carcinoid tumor unassociated with a teratoma. We review the published literature regarding primary neuroendocrine tumors of the fallopian tube and speculate on the possible histogenesis of these neoplasms.

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“…7,22 In other ovarian tumors, CD56 has mainly been investigated as a marker for sex-cord differentiation, and was recommended as a sensitive and diagnostically useful marker of sex-cord stromal tumors and extraovarian sexcord proliferations. 11,12 The second relevant group is represented by the well-differentiated primary NE tumors of the ovary associated with teratomas. Some ovarian carcinoid tumors with trabecular growth pattern may show resemblance to Sertoli cell tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD56 (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule) Expression in Ovarian Carcinomas: Association With High-Grade and Advanced Stage But Not With Neuroendocrine Differentiation

Bösmüller

Wagner²,

Pham³

et al. 2017

Int J Gynecol Cancer

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Microscopic extraovarian sex cord proliferations: an undescribed phenomenon

Abstract: The pathogenesis of these microscopic extraovarian sex cord proliferations is unknown, but they may represent non-neoplastic proliferations of embryonic remnants.

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Extraovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules discovered arising from a leiomyoma

Extraovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules discovered arising from a leiomyoma

Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Fallopian Tube: Report of a Case Series and Review of the Literature

CD56 (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule) Expression in Ovarian Carcinomas: Association With High-Grade and Advanced Stage But Not With Neuroendocrine Differentiation

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