Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of rice and corn starch

Govindaraju, Indira; Pallen, Sparsha; Umashankar, Suchitta; Mal, Sib Sankar; Melanthota, Sindhoora Kaniyala; Mahato, Dhani Ram; Zhuo, Guan‐Yu; Mahato, Krishna Kishore; Mazumder, Nirmal

doi:10.1002/jemt.23437

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Results acquired via an optical microscope with 50× magnification revealed that the granules had a variety of morphology from oval, spherical, polygon, to irregular shapes depending on their botanical origin [66]. Govindaraju et al made similar observations, where they observed varied morphology of starch granules obtained from different sources ( Figure 3); besides evaluating the granule sizes and observing starch degradation after hydrolysis [67], the granules were found to be polyhedral in the case of rice starch, while corn starch showed spherical and polyhedral structures. The optical microscopy technique has also been able to discern the phase separation between different components and the crystallization behavior of different biopolymers [101,102].…”

Section: Optical Microscopymentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Fiber diameter Poly(ε-caprolactone)/chitosan blend [65] Size and ahape Starch granules [66,67] Filler dispersion starch/ Gum Arabic/nanocellulose [68] Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)…”

Section: Technique Application Biopolymer Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical microscopic (40× magnification) images of starch granules of native (a) brown rice, (b) corn, and (c) white rice. Hydrolyzed (d) brown rice, (e) corn, and (f) white rice[67]. (Reprinted with permission fromGovindaraju et al, 2020.)…”

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confidence: 99%

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Microscopic Techniques for the Analysis of Micro and Nanostructures of Biopolymers and Their Derivatives

et al. 2020

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Natural biopolymers, a class of materials extracted from renewable sources, is garnering interest due to growing concerns over environmental safety; biopolymers have the advantage of biocompatibility and biodegradability, an imperative requirement. The synthesis of nanoparticles and nanofibers from biopolymers provides a green platform relative to the conventional methods that use hazardous chemicals. However, it is challenging to characterize these nanoparticles and fibers due to the variation in size, shape, and morphology. In order to evaluate these properties, microscopic techniques such as optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are essential. With the advent of new biopolymer systems, it is necessary to obtain insights into the fundamental structures of these systems to determine their structural, physical, and morphological properties, which play a vital role in defining their performance and applications. Microscopic techniques perform a decisive role in revealing intricate details, which assists in the appraisal of microstructure, surface morphology, chemical composition, and interfacial properties. This review highlights the significance of various microscopic techniques incorporating the literature details that help characterize biopolymers and their derivatives.

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Section: Optical Microscopymentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Fiber diameter Poly(ε-caprolactone)/chitosan blend [65] Size and ahape Starch granules [66,67] Filler dispersion starch/ Gum Arabic/nanocellulose [68] Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)…”

Section: Technique Application Biopolymer Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic Techniques for the Analysis of Micro and Nanostructures of Biopolymers and Their Derivatives

et al. 2020

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“…The degree of hydrolysis (DoH%) was calculated based on the 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid (DNS reagent) method according to reference [19] with slight modifications. 60 mg of native and hydrothermally (HMT and ANN) treated starches were incubated with bacterial α-amylase at a concentration (4) CI% =…”

Section: Degree Of Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hydrothermal Treatments on Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Digestion of Starch

et al. 2021

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Starchy food items such as rice and potato with high carbohydrate content raise blood sugar. Hence, consuming low glycaemic foods is one tool to keep diabetes under control. In this study, potato and brown rice (Njavara rice) starches were subjected to hydrothermal treatments: heat moisture treatment (HMT) and annealing (ANN) to develop starch-based food products fit for consumption by diabetic patients. The effects of hydrothermal treatments on physicochemical properties and in-vitro enzymatic digestion of starch were determined. It was observed that hydrothermal treatments decreased the swelling power (SP)% and increased the water solubility (WS)% of the native starches. Native potato starch (PSN) showed a high SP of 80.33%, while annealed potato starch (PANN) and heat moisture treated potato starch (PHMT) showed SP reduced to 65.33% and 51.66%, respectively. Similarly, the SP % reduced from 64.33% in native brown rice (BRN) to 44.66% in annealed brown rice (BRANN) and 38.33% in heat moisture treated brown rice (BRHMT). WS % increased from 32.86% in PSN to 36.66% in PANN and 40.66% in PHMT. In BRN, the WS % increased from 14.0% to 14.66% in BRANN and 18.33% in BRHMT. Amylose content increased from 13.23% and 14.56% in PSN and BRN to 16.14% in PANN 17.99% in PHMT, 17.33% in BRANN, and 18.98% in BRHMT. The PSN crystallinity index reduced from 33.49 to 30.50% in PANN and 32.60% in PHMT. At 12 h of enzymatic digestion, it was found that the degree of hydrolysis (DoH) of PHMT (31.66%) and PANN (36.82%) reduced when compared to PSN (41.09%). Similarly, BRHMT exhibited the lowest DoH at 12 h compared to BRANN (29.24%) and BRN (35.48%). This study highlights the importance of hydrothermal treatments on starch in developing low glycaemic index commercial starch-based food products.

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“…Starch granules are semicrystalline, where the crystalline region is composed of clustered amylopectin chains packed together, and the amorphous region is composed of amylose complexed with branches of the amylopectin. 8 Starch is obtained from an array of plant sources including tubers, and cereals such as potatoes, and rice, respectively. The physicochemical and functional properties of starch such as the size of starch granule, amylose content, solubility, and gelatinization properties vary from one source to another.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis and detailed characterization of sustainable starch‐based bioplastic

Chakraborty

Pooja

Banik

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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There is an urgent requirement of replacing the environmentally hazardous petroleum‐based plastics with sustainable and efficient starch‐based bioplastics. Development and detailed characterization of the biodegradable bioplastics from plant‐based polysaccharides such as starch is essential to reduce plastic pollution in the environment. In this research, bioplastics were developed from an equivalent blend of starch from two different sources namely rice and potato (1:1, w/w), crosslinked with different concentrations of citric acid (CA). The effect of CA cross‐linking of starch‐based bioplastics was investigated on its physicochemical and functional properties. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectra revealed that the synthesized bioplastics were amorphous in nature with broad diffraction peaks. Further, the peak at 1716 cm−1 in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated the formation of ester bonds in CA cross‐linked bioplastics. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the surface roughness of the bioplastics decreased with increasing concentration of CA. Mechanical and thermal properties of bioplastics were characterized using universal testing machine, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively.

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Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of rice and corn starch

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Microscopic Techniques for the Analysis of Micro and Nanostructures of Biopolymers and Their Derivatives

Microscopic Techniques for the Analysis of Micro and Nanostructures of Biopolymers and Their Derivatives

Effects of Hydrothermal Treatments on Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Digestion of Starch

Synthesis and detailed characterization of sustainable starch‐based bioplastic

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