Synthesis and detailed characterization of sustainable starch‐based bioplastic

Abstract

There is an urgent requirement of replacing the environmentally hazardous petroleum‐based plastics with sustainable and efficient starch‐based bioplastics. Development and detailed characterization of the biodegradable bioplastics from plant‐based polysaccharides such as starch is essential to reduce plastic pollution in the environment. In this research, bioplastics were developed from an equivalent blend of starch from two different sources namely rice and potato (1:1, w/w), crosslinked with different concentrations of citric acid (CA). The effect of CA cross‐linking of starch‐based bioplastics was investigated on its physicochemical and functional properties. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectra revealed that the synthesized bioplastics were amorphous in nature with broad diffraction peaks. Further, the peak at 1716 cm−1 in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated the formation of ester bonds in CA cross‐linked bioplastics. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the surface roughness of the bioplastics decreased with increasing concentration of CA. Mechanical and thermal properties of bioplastics were characterized using universal testing machine, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively.

Evaluation of physicochemical properties of citric acid crosslinked starch elastomers reinforced with silicon dioxide

“…This method was adapted from our previous studies. 18,19 To prepare the potato starch elastomers, 4 mL of glycerol and acetic acid each was added to a beaker and mixed thoroughly. The beaker was then placed on a magnetic stirrer and heated to a temperature of 85-90 °C for approximately 45 min while being continuously stirred.…”

“…23 Similar improvements in barrier properties were observed in our previous studies employing rice and potato starch, showcasing the versatility and effectiveness of citric acid as a crosslinking agent and SiO 2 as a reinforcement ller across different starch types. 19,24 Mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of potato starch elastomers were evaluated through force vs. displacement graphs obtained from UTM analysis (Fig.…”

Bioplastic: an eco‐friendly alternative to non‐biodegradable plastic

“…10 In the last few decades, science has made various advancements in a variety of environmental, polymeric and bio-engineering fields, that is, high cellulose production in plants for bioplastic application, photothermal nanofibers and nanomaterials, polymer structure for tissue engineering, synthesis of nanomaterials for bioengineering and polymeric applications and development of natural polymers as bioplastics. [11][12][13][14][15][16] In this review study, we are focused on the transformation of natural raw biomass to bioplastic. The development of polymer engineering has enabled us to fabricate completely degradable plastics, known as bioplastics.…”

“…Therefore, the regulatory bodies in favor of polymer production should emphasize the use of biodegradable materials to advance sustainable development 10 . In the last few decades, science has made various advancements in a variety of environmental, polymeric and bio‐engineering fields, that is, high cellulose production in plants for bioplastic application, photothermal nanofibers and nanomaterials, polymer structure for tissue engineering, synthesis of nanomaterials for bio‐engineering and polymeric applications and development of natural polymers as bioplastics 11–16 . In this review study, we are focused on the transformation of natural raw biomass to bioplastic.…”

Bitter potato starch‐based film enriched with copaiba leaf extract obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide: Physical–mechanical, antioxidant, and disintegrability properties

“…6,7 However, the main disadvantages of starch-based films are their poor water resistance and weak physicalmechanical properties. 8 Therefore, numerous strategies, including the development of novel bio-nanocomposite starch films, [9][10][11][12] incorporation of essential oils or active compound-rich extracts, [13][14][15] and blending of starch with other polymers (such as chitosan [Ch], various proteins, and gum), [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] have been employed to address these limitations.…”