Microscopic anatomy and ultrastructure of the nervous system of Phoronopsis harmeri Pixell, 1912 (Lophophorata: Phoronida)

Temereva, E. N.; Малахов, В. В.

doi:10.1134/s1063074009050046

Cited by 19 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Still, according to Malakhov [11,12,15,16], the con temporary non classical zoology allows us to combine trochophore and lophophore animals into the single taxon Lophotrochozoa, in particular, based on the presence of such morphological synapomorphies as chaetae, which are typical for Trochozoa and Lopho phorata, but do not occur either in Ecdysozoa or in Deuterostomia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sper matozoa of the representatives of inarticulate brachio pods are close in their structure to the sperm of bivalves and polychaetes [3,4], while the sperm of articulate brachiopods is similar to that of echino derms [5,6,21]. The sperm morphology of phoronids that are traditionally regarded as a group that is close to the brachiopods within Lophophorata [15,16] dis tinctly differs in structure from the sperm of articulate and inarticulate brachiopods [28,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spermatozoon structure of Coptothyris adamsi (Davidson, 1871) (brachiopoda, Rhynchonelliformea) and analysis of the 18S and 28S rRNA sequences

et al. 2015

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The position of brachiopods in the animal system remains controversial, with morphological data often being inconsistent with the results of molecular phylogenetic analysis. In this study, we investigated the structure of the spermatozoa and determined the combined sequences of the 18S and 28S rRNA genes of the articulate brachiopod Coptothyris adamsi (Davidson, 1871). The spermatozoa of C. adamsi are similar to those of other articulate brachiopods. Two types of sperm structure can be distinguished within Brachiopoda: the first type is characteristic of the articulate brachiopods (Rhynchonelliformea), the second type, the inar ticulate brachiopods (Linguliformea and Craniiformea). Rhynchonelliformea spermatozoa are similar to those of the deuterostome animals, in particular to the sperm of the Echinodermata, whereas Linguliformea and Craniiformea spermatozoa are similar to the typical sperm of the Trochozoa, such as annelids and mol lusks. Molecular phylogenetic analysis has shown that the brachiopods and phoronids form two monophyl etic groups within the group Brachiozoa, where phoronids are united in a separate basal clade, while brachi opods are divided into two clades.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spermatozoon structure of Coptothyris adamsi (Davidson, 1871) (brachiopoda, Rhynchonelliformea) and analysis of the 18S and 28S rRNA sequences

et al. 2015

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“…According to the little that is known about the organization of the nervous system in larvae of P. ovalis (Grobe, 2007), larvae of phoronids with lecithotrophic development also lack the main nerve ( Figure 9c). Because all adult phoronids have the tentacular nerve ring (Fernández et al, 1996;Silén, 1954b;Temereva, 2015;Temereva & Malakhov, 2009), whose origin in the larval main nerve has been detected in some phoronids (Santagata, 2002;Temereva & Tsitrin, 2014a) and whose location FIGURE 8 Schemes of nervous system organization in competent larvae of phoronids. Because all adult phoronids have the tentacular nerve ring (Fernández et al, 1996;Silén, 1954b;Temereva, 2015;Temereva & Malakhov, 2009), whose origin in the larval main nerve has been detected in some phoronids (Santagata, 2002;Temereva & Tsitrin, 2014a) and whose location FIGURE 8 Schemes of nervous system organization in competent larvae of phoronids.…”

Section: Species Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the information could help answer a basic question: Which came first-larvae or adults (Nielsen, 2013;Sly, Snoke, & Raff, 2003;Temereva & Malakhov, 2015;Temereva & Tsitrin, 2014a)? Although adult phoronids have a nerve plexus that lacks prominent nerve centers (Bullock & Horridge, 1965;Fernández, Pardos, Benito, & Roldan, 1996;Silén, 1954b;Temereva, 2015;Temereva & Malakhov, 2009), phoronid larvae have a complex nervous system with two or one nerve centers and prominent nerve tracts (Santagata & Zimmer, 2002;Temereva & Tsitrin, 2014a,b;Zimmer, 1964). The plexus-like organization of the nervous system in adult phoronids is traditionally regarded as a primitive feature of their organization (Mamkaev, 1962;Schmidt-Rhaesa, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground plan of the larval nervous system in phoronids: Evidence from larvae of viviparous phoronid

Temereva

2017

Evolution and Development

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Nervous system organization differs greatly in larvae and adults of many species, but has nevertheless been traditionally used for phylogenetic studies. In phoronids, the organization of the larval nervous system depends on the type of development. With the goal of understanding the ground plan of the nervous system in phoronid larvae, the development and organization of the larval nervous system were studied in a viviparous phoronid species. The ground plan of the phoronid larval nervous system includes an apical organ, a continuous nerve tract under the preoral and postoral ciliated bands, and two lateral nerves extending between the apical organ and the nerve tract. A bilobed larva with such an organization of the nervous system is suggested to be the primary larva of the taxonomic group Brachiozoa, which includes the phyla Brachiopoda and Phoronida. The ground plan of the nervous system of phoronid larvae is similar to that of the early larvae of annelids and of some deuterostomians. The protostome- and deuterostome-like features, which are characteristic of many organ systems in phoronids, were probably inherited by phoronids from the last common bilaterian ancestor. The information provided here on the ground plan of the larval nervous system should be useful for future analyses of phoronid phylogeny and evolution.

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“…Phoronids are epibenthic (or infaunal) tubiculous marine invertebrates closely related to brachiopods (and perhaps ectoprocts; see Nesnidal et al ( 2013 )) that have oval, U-shaped, or spiraling rings of ciliated tentacles called the lophophore used for feeding and respiration (Temereva and Malakhov 2009a ). Although phoronids can dominate the density and coverage of some benthic marine habitats (Larson and Stachowicz 2009 ), very little is known about their ecological role in such habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phoronida

Santagata¹

2015

Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 2

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Microscopic anatomy and ultrastructure of the nervous system of Phoronopsis harmeri Pixell, 1912 (Lophophorata: Phoronida)

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

The spermatozoon structure of Coptothyris adamsi (Davidson, 1871) (brachiopoda, Rhynchonelliformea) and analysis of the 18S and 28S rRNA sequences

The spermatozoon structure of Coptothyris adamsi (Davidson, 1871) (brachiopoda, Rhynchonelliformea) and analysis of the 18S and 28S rRNA sequences

Ground plan of the larval nervous system in phoronids: Evidence from larvae of viviparous phoronid

Phoronida

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