“…54 Gas-liquid reactions catalyzed by solids represent a very important class of reactions. They may be carried out in either slurry (such as bubble column, stirred tank, and gas-liquid MSR process development and demonstration of industrial production Merck, 17 SK Chemicals, 18 Ampac Fine Chemicals, 19 Phoenix Chemicals, 20 Clariant GmbH, 21 DSM, 16,22,23 Lonza, 24,25 Sigma-Aldrich fluidized configurations) or fixed-bed reactors (trickle bed with cocurrent downflow or cocurrent upflow, segmented bed, and countercurrent gas-liquid arrangements). The hydrodynamics in three phase reactors are extremely complex due to the three phases and their convoluted interactions.…”